东北农业大学 大学英语Ⅰ作业题（一）

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大学英语Ⅰ作业题（一）
I.  单项填空
1.        The reason I want to take the class is _______ the professor is supposed to be eloquent.
A. that       B. why        C. because      D. how
2.        ________ numerous at the turn of the century, the number of tigers in India had fallen to 2,500 by 1969.
A. In spite of    B. Although  C. As        D. Despite
3.        Only after local residents became sick and publicly voiced their displeasure _____ to clean up its dumpsides.
A. did the chemical company begin   B. began the chemical company
C. the chemical did begin         D. the chemical company began
4.        He prefers to type a letter _______.
A. to sit idle         B. that sit idle
C. to sitting idle       D. rather than sit idle
5.        It is not “terrible” at all. It is ________ “terrible”.
A. something but      B. nothing but  C. anything but  D. everything but
6.        Mr. Wilson is ________ friend.
A. my uncle’s and my aunt’s     B. my uncle’s and auntie’s
C. my uncle’s and auntie       D. my uncle and auntie’s
7.        _______ did you say we should ask to build the new museum?
A. Who       B. Whoever       C. Whom       D. What
8.        Agriculture is one of ______ occupations because everyone depends upon plants for food.
A. the important world’s most     B. the most world’s important
C. the world’s most important      D. the important most world’s
9.        “The bus only took half an hour to get to the hotel.”
“ _____ you were coming today, I’d have met you at the railway station.”
  A. Have I known     B. Had I known   C. I have known  D. I had known
10.        Who could have advised you to do ________?  
A. such a foolish thing    B. a so foolish thing
C. so a foolish thing       D. a such foolish thing
11.        If television had been invented a thousand years ago, _______ significantly more homogeneous than they are now?
A. would nations have been     B. will nations be
C. were nations              D. would nations be
12.        “ You finally made it, didn’t you?”
“ Yes, _______ my brother’s help, I would have finished the work.”
  A. as a result of  B. as for     C. but for      D. for the sake of
13.        I certainly appreciate ________ about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.
A. him tell      B. he tells      C. his telling     D. him to tell
14.        I was not aware ________ she had gone.
A. where that     B. of the place which  C. of where    D. the place
15.        _______, the movement rapidly spread.
A. As expected   B. That was expected  
C. Which was expected  D. So it was expected
16.        The mistake that is made on television ________ believing that anyone can speak interestingly.
A. relies on     B. consists in   C. consists of      D. consists with
17.        They though the novel was ________.
A. worthy publishing        B. worth publication
C. worth of publication       D. worthy to publish it
18.        They _________ their success of the program to the generous help of their colleagues.
A. attributed      B. entitled    C. subjected     D. adapted
19.        My wife ________ on my smoking and drinking.
A. submitted      B. frowned    C. disapproved   D. consented
20.        It never ________ to me for a moment that you meant that.
A. occurred     B. remembered     C. hit        D. struck
21.        _______ being fun and good exercises , swimming is a very useful skill.
A. Except    B. In addition     C. Except that     D. Apart from
22.        I missed the train and ________ was late for school.
A. specially     B. consistently   C. continuously  D. consequently
23.        Do you have _______ to a good library?
A. assess      B. excess        C. access        D. essence
24.        The man seemed poor, but he was _________ dressed.
A. respectively    B. respecting    C. respectably    D. respectfully
25.        Jim’s close _______ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.
A. alike       B. likely        C. likeness      D. dislike
26.        He always tries to __________ his opinion on others.
A. impose     B. compel       C. oblige      D. force
27.        This album is _______ as it was the only one ever signed by the president.
A. unusual    B. unique      C. rare        D. singular
28.        The bad weather has ________ the work on the building site.
A. held up      B. held on to     C. held in     D. held on
29.        I like the city, but I like the country better ______ I have more friends in the country.
A. in that     B. for that      C. with that     D. at that
30.        The _________ of geese was flying through the sky in perfect formation following its leader.
A. flock      B. crowd       C. herd       D. swarm

II. Reading Comprehension:
                                       (A)
     So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning , they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that“ reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
　　Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
　　Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private ,for learning is an occupation of the mind ,and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
　　If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest（探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children. ”
　　When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.
　　1．The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
　　A. it is one of the most difficult school courses
　　B. students spend endless hours in reading
　　C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
　　D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading
　　2．The teaching of reading will be successful if ________.
　　A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
　　B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
　　C. teachers can devise the most effcient system for reading
　　D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable
　　3．The underlined word“ scrutiny” most probably means“________”.
　　A. inquiry　　　　　　　　　　　 B. observation
　　C. control　　　　　　　　　　　 D. suspicion
　　4．According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.
　　A. children become highly motivated
　　B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
　　C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
　　D. reading enriches children’s experience
　　5．The main idea of the passage is that ________.
　　A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
　　B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
　　C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
　D. reading is more complicated that generally believed
                     
  (B)
      Once upon a time in the West, the only acceptable role models available to women were that of the wife and mother. But now, not only are feminist critics and historians rediscovering the heroines of the past, we have also enough real heroines around today to believe our own new dreams of power.
      Although Madonna’s star might be getting less bright in Britain and America, let us not underestimate her influence. Many young women used to think that being a strong, feminist, demanding woman meant that they might have to give up their claims to be sexual, funny and individualist. But here is someone who is completely in control of her life, her art, her performance. When she grabs her crotch on stage or sells a book o f pin-up pictures of herself, we can see her recreating images that have been used before only to exploit women , and using them to show women that their sexuality is something to be proud of .
     No wonder of Madonna’s fans are not men but young women. They are responding to this new, real possibility that they can play with fire and may not get burnt. They identify with the fat that Madonna controls all aspects of her art, rather than being the innocent victim.
     Another female icon whose power has swept through women’s imaginations is Margaret Thatcher. It is all very well for her to say that she does not think she woes the women’s movement anything. What is important for women, whether or not they sympathizes with her methods, politics or rhetoric, is that here was a woman who stood with the men at the G7 summits or in the British Cabinet as a leader among leaders.
She is not an icon that is easy to cope with. Just as with Madonna, she goes against the grain of the most traditional images of female power. But by breaking through the male cordons of the British establishment she has made sure that never again can a woman’s ability to run a democratic country be questioned just because she is a woman.
1.        It can be seen from the passage that Madonna’s influence is _________.
A.        more and more increasing
B.        still great in society
C.        becoming less and less
D.        disappearing as time goes by
2.        Most of Madonna’s fans are young women because _________.
A.        she controls all aspects of her life and art
B.        she sells a book of pin-up pictures of herself
C.        she grabs her crotch on stage
D.        she uses her pictures to show that she is sexy
3.        It is indicated in the passage that Margaret Thatcher __________.
A.        became successful because she was the only stateswoman among statesmen.
B.        Thinks male British leaders should have done more to help women
C.        Thinks her success has nothing to do with the women’s movement
D.        Has donated a large sum of money to the women’s movement
4.        The example of Margaret Thatcher shows that __________.
A.        everyone should support the women’s movement
B.        women should learn to work together with men
C.        one’s ability should not be judged by sex
D.        women should not seek to be sexual only
5.        The main idea of the passage is __________.
A.        women have gathered strength from the women’s movement
B.        women have achieved a new-found power
C.        women should take careers to realize their power
D.        women’s role should be in the home
                        
  (C)
     Baldness, the absence of hair on the head, has been divided into five main types by those who study this affliction of human beings. A general thinning of the hair is called partial baldness and an absence of hair in areas usually covered by hair is labeled area baldness. A thinning of the hair which occurs in persons after about fifty years of age is called senile baldness. In this form of partial baldness, the hairline tends to recede, and there is a gradual thinning of the hair over the whole head. Parts of the head, such as the top, may grow completely bald.
Young people may experience what is called premature baldness. And when certain areas of the head become bald while hair over the rest of the scalp continues to grow at a normal rate, the condition is called pattern baldness.
Despite all the research that has been done on the subject, the specific causes of baldness are still unknown. Experts believe that heredity, aging, hormone imbalance and infection have an effect on the loss of hair. The most widespread cause of baldness is heredity, but it affects female members of a family less than males. The women of a bald family are more apt to retain their hair than the men. The females, however, pass on an inherited tendency toward baldness to their male offspring.
Besides the possible cause mentioned above, baldness may result from such infections and diseases as ringworm, dermatitis, typhoid fever and scarlet fever. This type of baldness is usually not permanent, however. Hygiene has been found to be an important factor in baldness. An important cleaning of the scalp may accelerate baldness, while the stimulation from cleansing and brushing helps to delay it.
1.        __________ does not occur among the aged.
A. Partial baldness           B. Premature baldness
C. Senile baldness           D. Area baldness
2.        The word “affliction” in the first sentence can be best replaced by _________.
A. condition         B. likeness     C. suffering       D. existence
3.        When certain parts of the head are bald and the hair elsewhere on the scapl grows normally, the condition is __________.
A. known as senile baldness        B. named premature baldness
C. called pattern baldness           D. labeled partial baldness
4.        When here is an inherited tendency toward baldness in a family, the females _______.
A. convey this tendency to their sons      
   B. are as susceptible to baldness as the males
   C. invariably show evidence of baldness
    D. rarely, if ever, lose much of their hair
5.        Baldness caused by certain fevers is __________.
A. normally temporary in nature     
B. quite like hereditary baldness
C. the result of poor hygiene
D. a kind of area baldness
               
    (D)
     The “standard of living” of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.
     A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extend upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess perhaps only one of these things, and some regions possess none of them. The U.S.A. is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is one of the least wealthy.
     Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well off as U.S.A. in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen  ad technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their workings day.
1.        A country’s wealth depends on __________.
A. its money              B. its standard of living
C. its ability to provide transport and entertainment
D. its ability to provide goods and services
2.        The word “civil” in the second sentence of the second paragraph probably means ____.
A. short and frequent       B. long-lasting
C. between one part of a country and another  D. for the most part
3.        The main idea of the second paragraph is that __________.
A.        the Sahara Desert is a very poor region
B.        a country’s wealth depends on many factors
C.        natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country
D.        the U.S.A. is one of the wealthiest countries in the world
4.        The second sentence in paragraph 3 is ____________.
A.        not related to the paragraph
B.        the main idea of the paragraph
C.        the conclusion of the paragraph
D.        an example supporting the main idea of the paragraph
5.        How many advantages are mentioned in the third paragraph?
A. Two       B. Three        C. Four        D. Five
III. 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
　  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. In many ways, this is　 36　 for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the sane　 37　 night after night. One would
38　 them to know their parts by heart and　 39　 have cause to falter（结巴）.Yet　40　is not always the case.
　　A famous actor in a　 41　 successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat　 42　 had been imprisoned in Bastille for twenty years. In the last act，a gaoler（监狱长，看守）would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner.　 43　 the noble was expected to read the letter at each　 44　 ,he always insisted that it should be written out in full.
　　One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke　 45　 his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the　 46　 of the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed（使显露）the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then，the gaoler　 47　 with the precious letter in his hands. He entered the　 48　and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in　
49　 as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly,　50　 to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then，squinting（眯着眼看）his eves，he said,“The light is　 51　.Read the letter to me.”And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler.　52　 that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied，“The light is indeed dim，sir. I must get my　 53　”With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat’s　 54　 ，the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the　 55　 copy of the letter which he proceeded（继续进行）to read to the prisoner.
　　36．A. fortunate        B. unfortunate        C. happy        D. unhappy
　　37．A. lines        B. words        C. plays        D. roles
　　38．A. want        B. ask        C. expect        D. wish
　　39．A. always        B. never        C. sometimes        D. often
　　40．A. such        B. the thing        C. one        D. this
　　41．A. highly        B. high        C. poorly        D. poor
　　42．A. where        B. what        C. which        D. who
　　43．A. Because        B. Even though        C. When        D. Though
　　44．A. play        B. performance        C. role        D. case
　　45．A. with        B. in        C. on        D. to
　　46．A. pages        B. joke        C. lines        D. contents
　　47．A. appeared        B. disappeared        C. came out        D. came in
　　48．A. room        B. cell        C. stage        D. office
　　49．A. English        B. French        C. order        D. full
　　50．A. worded        B. surprised        C. anxious        D. afraid
　　51．A. bright        B. dim        C. dark        D. out
　　52．A. To see        B. To find        C. Seeing        D. Finding
　　53．A. glasses        B. lines        C. light        D. letters
　　54．A. surprise        B. satisfaction        C. anger        D. amusement
　　55．A. usual        B. old        C. unusual        D. new
IV. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form when necessary.
accurate  acquire     conduct     effective      enable
enhance    expand    overall      relevant       virtually
1.        His novel has ___________ been finished; he has only a few last-minute changes to make in it.
2.        The fall in the value of the dollar will ________ them to export more goods.
3.        Hopefully, the meeting will _________ the prospects of world economic prosperity.
4.        _________measures should be taken to prevent such accidents.
5.        Her report of what happened was _________ in every detail.
6.        his nationality isn’t __________to whether or not he’s a good lawyer.
7.        The company ___________ a survey to find out local reaction to the leisure center.
8.        She managed to __________ two tickets for the concert.
9.        ___________, prices are still rising no matter whether you admit it or not.
10.        The company has _________its operations in China by building a new factory there.

V. Writing (15%)
What will life be like without animals?




作业题（二）
I. 单项填空：
1．Apples are usually sold by ________ weight and eggs are sometimes sold by ________ dozen.
A. the; the　　　　 B. /;a　　C. /; the　　　　　　　 D. the; a
2．Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ________ late for his lecture.
A. to have students　　B. for students’ being  C. for students to be　　D. to students’ being
3．When people move to another country, they often try ________ the customs of their native land.
A. to keep on　　B. to keep off       C. to keep up　　　D. keeping up
4．—The experiment is of particular importance.—I see. We will carry on with it __ we can get enough money.
A. unless　　　　B. though　　　　C. whether　　　　D. until
5．I think that this meal was well worth ________ was charged for it.
A. that　　　　　B. what　　　　　C. which　　　　 D. how many
6．________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.
A. To grow　　　B. Growing　　　 C. Grown　　　　D. Grow
7．Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like him ________ for it.
A. not so much　 B. not so little     C. no more　　　D. no less
8．Professor Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils, except ________ who had already taken them.
　　A. these　　　　 B. ones　　　　　C. the ones　　　 D. the others
9．Do you think the reason ________ he gave is believable?
　　A. for which　　　B. which　　　　C. why　　　　　 D. what
10．________ he is ,he seldom shows his precious coins to others.
　　A. Coin -collector as　　B. As a coin -collector　　C. A coin- collector as　　D. Coin- collector that
1l．From his ________ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way.
　　A. satisfactory　　　　B. satisfying　　C. satisfied　　　　　 D. satisfaction
12．—Does Bill do his new job well?　　— ________ his old job. I’m afraid there’s no hope for him.
　　A. Not better than　　　 B. No better than　　C. Not so well as　　　D. Not as well as
13．—I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have been so rude to you.　　—You ________ your temper but that’s OK.
　　A. have lost　　　　　B. had lost　　C. did lose　　　　　 D. were losing
14．—Is the experiment easy?　　　　— ________ . I’ll just do my bit.
　　A. I think so　　　　　B. Certainly　　C. Not a little　　　　　　 D. Anything but
15．Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ________ other more well - informed experimenters failed.
　　A. which　　　　B. that　　　　　 C. what　　　　　D. where
16.        This is the same story ______ I heard ten years ago.
a. that         b. which          c. about that      d. of which
17.        I advised her that in the presence of the princess she should not say anything until _______.
a. being asked     b. asked        c. to be asked      d. having been asked
18.        It is necessary that an efficient worker ______ his work on time.
a. accomplishes     b. has accomplished    c. can accomplish    d. accomplish
19.        It was ______ he heard of the victory of the Chinese revolution.
a. Stephen that     b. by Stephen that  c. from Stephen that  d. with Stephen
20. He was attending a meeting , ________ come to your birthday party then.
  a. unless he would have     b. or he would
  c. nevertheless he did not     b. or he would have
21. The curious children watched the towers _______.
a. erected       b. be erected    c. to be erected     d. being erected
22.        She never laughed, ________ ever lose her temper.
a. so did she      b. but she did not  c. and nor she did           d. nor did she
23.        I regret _______ him a thief, but I regret even more his stealing my watch!
a. to call       b. to have called    c. having called     d. called
24.        You are supposed to _______ in your composition yesterday.
a. hand         b. have handed     c. be handing     d. handing
25.        A new technique _______ worked out, we set about our project.
a. being        b. to be      c. having       d. having been
26.        Some people hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship ______ the peasants of North China.
a. faced        b. faces        c. facing          d. to face
27.        Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they ______ better health.
a. could have enjoyed         b. had enjoyed
c. have been enjoyed          d. are enjoying
28.        He loves doing some reading at home _______ to the cinema.
a. than to go       b. more than going   
c. than going         d. rather than to go
29.        _______ of neglecting our education, my parents sent my sister and me to an evening school.
a. Accused       b. Accusing      
c. That they were accused     d. To be accused
30.        She never regretted paying $ 200 for the bookcase. As a matter of fact she would gladly have paid _______ for it.
a. as much twice     b. as twice much   c. much as twice   d. twice as much
II.        Reading Comprehension
                                 (A)
     Between about 1910 and 1930, new artistic movements in European art were making themselves felt in the United States. American artists became acquainted with the new art on their trips to Paris and at the exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291”( named after its address on Fifth Avenue) of the photographer Alfred Stieglitz. But most important in the spread of the modern movements in the United States was the sensational Armory Show of the 1913 held in New York, in which the works of many of the leading European artists were seen along with the works of a number of progressive American painters.
     Several of the American modernists who were influenced by the Armory Show found the urban landscape, especially New York, an appealing subject. Compared with the works of the realist painters, the works of American modernists were much further removed from the actual appearance of the city; they were more interested in the “feel “ of the city, more concerned with the meaning behind appearance. However, both the painters of the Ash Can School” and the later realists were still tied to nineteenth-century or earlier styles, while the early modernists shared in the international breakthroughs of the art of the twentieth century.
The greatest of these breakthroughs was Cubism, developed most fully in France between 1907 and 1914, which brought about a major revolution in Western painting. It overturned the regional tradition that had been built upon since the Renaissance. In cubism, natural forms were broken down analytically into geometric shapes. No longer was a clear differentiation made between the figure and the background of a painting: the objects represented and the surface on which they were painted became one. The Cubists abandoned the conventional single vantage point of the viewer, and objects depicted from multiple viewpoints were shown at the same way.
1.        What’s the main topic of the passage?
A.        Modern art movements in the United States.
B.        The great influence of Cubism.
C.        Several American modernists found urban landscape an appealing subject.
D.        Contemporary artists in the United States.
2.        Which of the following is not mentioned as a means through which American artists learned about new movements?
A.        Trips to Paris.
B.        Lectures by European artists.
C.        The exhibitions in the famous New York gallery “291”.
D.        The sensational Armory Show in 1913.
3.        What was exhibited on the sensational Armory Show of 1913 in New York?
A.        Works of many leading European artists as well as works of many progressive American painters.
B.        Works of all the European artists and American painters.
C.        Works of a number of American modernists and painters of the “Ash Can School”.
D.        Works of European artists only.
4.        According to the author, which of the following was a major new movement in twentieth-century art?
A. Impressionism.      B. Cubism.     C. The rational tradition.  D. Realism.
5.        What do we know about Cubism?
A.        It made a clear differentiation between the figure and the background of a painting.
B.        Natural forms were broken down analytically into shape of a square.
C.        The object represented and the surface on which they were painted became one.
D.        The Cubists preserved the conventional single vantage point of the viewer.
                          (B)
A few days ago I asked my sons’ governess（女家庭教师）Julia to come into my study. “Be seated, Julia, ”I said, “Let’s settle our accounts. I guess you most likely need some money, but maybe you’re too polite to mention it. Now then, we agreed on thirty dollars a month...”
　　“Forty.”
　　“No, thirty. I made a note of it. I always pay our governess thirty. Well, um, you’ve been here two months, so...”
　　“Two months and five days.”
　　“Exactly two months. I made a special note of it. That means you have sixty dollars coming to you. Take off nine Sundays... you know you didn’t work with Tom on Sundays, you only took walks. And three holidays... ”Julia was biting her finger nail nervously, her face red, but - not a word.
　　“Three holidays, therefore take off twelve dollars. Four days Tom was sick and there were no lessons, as you were occupied only with Dick. Three days you had a toothache and my wife gave you permission not to work after lunch. Twelve and seven - nineteen. Take nineteen off ... that leaves. hmm.... forty one dollars. Correct？”
　　Julia’s left eye reddened with tears welling up. Her chin trembled; she coughed nervously and blew her nose, but - still not a word.
　　“Around New Year’s Day you broke a teacup and a saucer; take off two dollars. The cup cost more, it was a treasure of the family, but- forget it. When didn’t I take a loss! Then, due to your neglect （疏忽）, Tom climbed a tree and tore his jacket; take away ten. Also due to your carelessness the maid stole Dick’s shoes. You ought to watch everything! You get paid for it. So, that means five more dollars off. The tenth of January I gave ten dollars.”
　　“You didn’t. ”sobbed Julia.
　　“But I made a note of it.”
　　“Well... if you say so.”
　　“Take twenty seven from forty one -that leaves fourteen.”
　　Both her eyes were filled with tears. Beads of sweat stood on the thin pretty little nose. Poor girl!
　　“Only once was I given any money,” she whispered, her voice trembling, “and that was by your wife. Three dollars, nothing more.”
　　“Really? You see now, and I didn’t know that! Take three from fourteen.. leaves eleven. Here’s your money, my dear. Three, three, three, one and one. Here it is !”
　　I handed her eleven dollars. She took them and pocketed them.
　　“Merci （法语: 谢谢）,”she whispered.
　　I jumped to my feet and started pacing the room. I was overcome with anger. “For what, this - ‘merci’?” I asked.
　　“For the money. ”
　　“But you know I’ve cheated you - robbed you ! I have actually stolen from you ! Why this‘merci’？”
　　“In my other places they didn’t give me anything at all.”
　　“They didn’t give you anything? No wonder! I played a little joke on you, a cruel lesson, just to teach you... I m going to give you all the eighty dollars! Here they are in the envelope all ready for you... Is it really possible to be so spineless （懦弱）?Why didn’t you protest? Why were you silent? Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws（爪）—to be such a fool?”
　　Embarrassed, she smiled. And I could read her expression,“It is possible.”
　　I asked her pardon for the cruel lesson and, to her great surprise, gave her the eighty dollars. She murmured her little“merci”several times and went out. I looked after her and thought,“How easy it is to crush the weak in this world !”
　　1．While talking to Julia, the wrier expected from her ________.
　　A. a protest　　　　　　　　　　　B. gratitude
　　C. obedience　　　　　　　　　　 D. an explanation
　　2．What shocked the writer was Julia’s ________.
　　A. nervousness in front of her boss
　　B. acceptance of injustice
　　C. shyness when talking about money
　　D. reluctance to express herself
　　3．The writer said, “Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws?” He was actually telling the governess ________.
　　A. to be more aggressive
　　B. to be more careful in her work
　　C. to protect her right
　　D. to live independently
　　4．At the end of the story, the writer said,“ How easy it is to crush the weak in this world!”to show ________.
　　A. his understanding of Julia’s anxiety
　　B. his worry about Julia’s future
　　C. his concern on the living condition of working - class people
　　D. his sympathy for the mental state of those exploited
　　5．From the story, we can tell that Julia’s employer was ________.
　　A. greedy but honest
　　B. ill - tempered but warm - hearted
　　C. strict but forgiving
　　D. none of the above
                      (C)
Animals other than humans have not developed communications comparable to human language. But is it possible that other animals have the capacity to learn a language if they are adequately taught? Obviously, this is a fascination notion. The idea of communicating directly with another species has long been a part of human folklore and children’s fantasies. But on a scientific level, the question of whether animals can learn a language is important primarily because it relates to the controversy()between the cognitive and the learning approaches to language. If language is dependent on and is actually an outgrowth of the intellectual structure of the human mind, there is the strong supposition that only humans are capable of using language. Therefore, Noam Chomsky and other psycholinguists have argued that only humans can learn a language, while most behaviorists feel that with sufficient patience it should be possible to teach an animal some sort of language. Although the two schools of thought clearly differ on this point, it is not really a crucial test of the two theories. If a chimpanzee can master a simple language all it would mean is that the chimp’s intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to ours than we thought. It would not necessarily imply that our intellectual structure is unimportant in our own mastery of language. Thus, teaching an animal language is an impressive demonstration of the power of learning techniques, but it is not evidence that language is developed entirely through learning.
On the other hand, the question of whether other animals can learn a language is fascination in its own right, aside from its value as a test of the two theories of language development. Accordingly, whatever one’s position on the theoretical dispute, we must consider training an animal to use language a dramatic accomplishment.
1.        Which of the following statements is the view of psycholinguists?
A.        The cognitive view of language learning says that only human beings can learn language because it is an outgrowth of the structure of the human mind.
B.        Other animals simply could master a language.
C.        The animals intellectual capacity is much better than human beings.
D.        Language is developed by learning.
2.        The behaviorists’ view is that __________.
A.        language is actually an outgrowth of intellectual structure of the animal’s mind
B.        animals have not developed communications system
C.        given enough patience, a man should be able to teach an animal some sort of language
D.        only human beings can learn language
3.        That an animal can master a simple language means that __________.
A.        human’s intellectual structure is not important
B.        animals’ intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to the humans’
C.        the learning techniques are much more important
D.        language is developed completely by learning
4.        The main idea of paragraph two is ___________.
A.        teaching a chimp language is not crucial test of the two theories
B.        their brain structure is not similar to human
C.        using various methods to let the chimp master a language
D.        training a nonhuman to use language is an amazing accomplishment
5.        The best title for this passage would be _________.
A.        Animals’ language
B.        Human’s language
C.        Teaching Animals’ Language
D.        Can Other Animals Acquire Language?
                       (D)
Increasingly , over the past ten years, people ---especially young people --- have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.
Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.
Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.
There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food it this necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be additive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.
It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “healthy eating”.
1.        Which statement best expresses the main idea of this article?
A.        People should eat any food to keep themselves healthy and strong.
B.        People should eat natural foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.
C.        People should eat fiber foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.
D.        People should eat vegetables to keep themselves healthy and strong.
2.        “Particularly processed foods” means ___________.
A.        foods which are particularly processed by adding chemical additives
B.        foods which are particularly made by commercial farms
C.        foods which are specially produced by commercial factories
D.        foods which are not specially made by adding anything
3.        Natural foods means _________.
A.        foods good for health
B.        foods not good for health
C.        foods such as vegetables, fruit and grain from rich organic matters soil
D.        crops from rich organic matters soil and meats of animals from health pastures
4. There are no vitamins, no minerals and no fibers in _________.
A. natural foods           B. sugar
C. animal meats           D. fruit
5. “Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories” It means _____.
A.        processed food provides us with energy
B.        natural food furnishes us with vitamins and minerals
C.        sugar gives us enough energy in the form of calories
fiber helps us to digest food
III. Cloze
   The pleasure of learning is not confined __1__ learning from textbooks, which are too often tedious. But it does include learning from books. Sometimes, when we stand in a big library and gaze __2__ us at the millions of books, we feel a sober, earnest delight hard to __3__ except by a metaphor. These are not lumps of lifeless paper, but minds __4__ in the shelves, so by opening one of these volumes, one can call into range a voice far distant in time and __5__, and hear it speaking, mind to mind, heart to heart.
   But, __6__ beyond books, learning means keeping the mind __7__ and active to receive all kinds of experience. For instance, among the pleasure of learning, we should include travel,  travel with an open mind, an alert eye and a wish to understand other peoples, other places, __8__ than looking in them for a mirror __9__ of oneself.
   Learning also means learning to practise, or at least to appreciate an art. Every new art you learn appears like a new window __10__ the universe; it is like __11__ a new sense.
   Learning __12__ our lives into new dimensions. It is cumulative(). __13__ in diminishing time, like health and strength, its returns go on __14__. __15__ that you aim, throughout your life, as you continue __16__, to integrate your thought, to make it harmonious.
   No learners has ever ___17__ short of subjects to explore. The pleasures of learning are __18¬¬__pleasures. In fact, the word should be changed. The true name is happiness. You can live longest and best and most __19__b y attaining and __20__ the happiness of learning.
1.   a. to        b. of           c. in           d. at
2.   a. about      b. toward      c. round        d. within
3.   a. survey      b. convey      c. contribute    d. translate
4.   a. living       b. lively       c. alive          d. live
5.   a. space       b. room        c. place        d. universe
6.   a. so          b. too         c. much         d. far
7.   a. opening     b. openly      c. open          d. opened
8.   a. different     b. other       c. rather        d. superior
9.   a. copy        b. image       c. statue       d. view
10.  a. in           b. to          c. on           d. into
11.  a. acquiring      b. inquiring    c. admiring     d. analysing
12.  a. expends       b. expands     c. extends      d. explores
13.  a. Instead       b. Instead of     c. Rather than   d. On the other hand of
14.  a. to increase     b. to decrease    c. increasing    d. decreasing
15.  a. If           b. If only        c. Provided     d. So
16.  a. learning       b. having learnt    c. to be learning   d. to have learnt
17.  a. take         b. go            c. run          d. reach
18.  a. genuine       b. true           c. real         d. indeed
19.  a. rewarding     b. rewardingly     c. reward       d. rewarded
20.  a. considering    b. observing     c. deserving      d. preserving
III.        Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form when necessary.
addition     conclusion    authority     decisive     carve
creative      appropriate    homesick    assign      outcome
1. After they had arrived at the campus, a girl was _________ to guide them on a tour of the halls.
2. In ___________, we all hoped that more activities like this could be organized.
3. He was a well-known author who had __________ many unforgettable characters in his novels.
4.        The injury to their key player could be a ___________ factor in the game.
5.        Don’t you think that the Oxford English Dictionary is an ___________on English words?
6.        As he has been in America for 3 years now, he is __________ for China.
7.        To be a top student, you need diligence and persistence in ____________ to intelligence.
8.        Don’t be too dressy. Plain, simple clothes are _____________ for school wear.
9.        There were not many people who dared predict the ___________of the World Cup 2002.
10.        You are not supposed to _________ your name on a tree in the park.
V. Composition:
           On Thanksgiving（感恩）