2012年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2012年7月份考试)

谋学网

一、单选题（共 15 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  The annual income of school teachers in this place was ______ at＄900.
A. processed
B. assessed
C. summarized
D. valued
      满分：1  分
2.  A(n) ______ is the distance which light travels at 186, 000 miles per second in one year, namely 6 million million miles.
A. light year
B. solar system
C. nuclear fusion
D. outer space
      满分：1  分
3.  As a ______ woman, she was then among the few mothers who sent their daughters to school and encouraged them to take part in social activities.
A. sensitive
B. sensible
C. sentimental
D. senseless
      满分：1  分
4.  They are trying to ______ the waste discharged by the factory for profit.
A. expose
B. exhaust
C. exhibit
D. exploit
      满分：1  分
5.  The pilot felt something ______ wrong with the engine just before the plane took off.
A. will go
B. was going
C. goes
D. to go
      满分：1  分
6.  He hasn't come yet. What do you consider_________to him?
A. happens
B. has happened
C. had happened
D. will happen
      满分：1  分
7.  We’ve worked out a method by which our production can be raised on a large ______.
A. quantity
B. scale
C. quality
D. proportion
      满分：1  分
8.  Once attached to the host Program, the computer viruses then look for other programs to （ ）
A. affect
B. effect
C. infect
D. perfect
      满分：1  分
9.  Joint ventures may （ ） labor contracts with the employees according to their needs in production and management operations
A. signal
B. write
C. sign
D. draw
      满分：1  分
10.  Hearing the joke, all the students burst into ______ laughter.
A. visual
B. long-standing
C. spontaneous
D. contributing
      满分：1  分
11.  Please bear in mind that correct conduction of precautions can reduce or ______ waterside corrosion to the minimum.
A. export
B. diminish
C. embrace
D. entrap
      满分：1  分
12.  Joint ventures may recruit technicians and managerial personnel from elsewhere if they cannot find them in their ______ regions.
A. respective
B. respectful
C. respectable
D. respecting
      满分：1  分
13.  Her brother ______ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order
A. declared
B. threatened
C. warned
D. exclaimed
      满分：1  分
14.  It is difficult to ______ work as it is sometimes mixed together with labor by most people
A. define
B. describe
C. decide
D. design
      满分：1  分
15.  Gambling is considered as a _________ in which many people lost themselves.
A. vicious
B. vice
C. humiliation
D. wrong
      满分：1  分

二、阅读理解（共 2 道试题，共 20 分。）V 1.  
    Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sports women kill the essence of sports -- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for an entire nation's hopes, dream and reputation. A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the world's most important sport. It is even more important now that the United States is seriously taking it up. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention "Argentina” to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup "put Argentina on the map".
    Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.
    So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every sense better than all others? Not really. But it's nice to know that you won, and that in one way at least your country is best.
1). What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage ?
A. To prove that football is the world's most important sport.
B. To show that Argentina is better than all others.
C.  To compare Scotland with Argentina.
D. To explain the role of sport.
      满分：2  分
2).  In the second paragraph, the word “summit” means ______.
A. highest point
B. mountain top
C. award
D. summary
      满分：2  分
3). According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its ______.
A. large number of sports fans and supporters
B. success in the football World Cup
C. obvious position on the map
D.  excellence at all important sports
      满分：2  分
4). According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will ______.
A. fail to succeed
B. be successful
C. lose enjoyment
D. be irrational
      满分：2  分
5). What is the author's attitude towards international games?
A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.
B.  Nations that won football World Cup are regarded best in all aspects.
C. Nations that win in international games prove best on the sports field at least.
D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.
      满分：2  分
2.  
       The current energy security system was created in response to the 1973 Arab oil embargo to ensure coordination among the industrialized countries in the event of a disruption in supply, encourage collaboration on energy policies, and deter any future use of an “oil weapon” by exporters. Its key elements are the Paris-based International Energy Agency (IEA), whose members are the industrialized countries; strategic stockpiles of oil, including the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserves; continued monitoring and analysis of energy markets and policies; and energy conservation and coordinated emergency sharing of supplies in the event of a disruption. The emergency system was set up to offset major disruptions that threatened the global economy and stability, not to manage prices and the commodity cycle. Since the system’s inception in the 1970s, a coordinated emergency drawdown of strategic stockpiles has occurred only twice: on the eve of the Gulf War in 1991 and in the autumn of 2005 after Hurricane Katrina.
       Experience has shown that to maintain energy security countries must abide by several principles. The first and most familiar is what Churchill urged more than 90 years ago: diversification of supply. Multiplying one’s supply sources reduces the impact of a disruption in supply from one source by providing alternatives, serving the interests of both consumers and producers, for whom stable markets are a prime concern. But diversification is not enough. A second principle is resilience, a “security margin” in the energy supply system that provides a buffer against shocks and facilitates recovery after disruptions. Resilience can come from many factors, including sufficient spare production capacity, strategic reserves, backup supplies of equipment, adequate storage capacity along the supply chain, and the stockpiling of critical parts for electric power production and distribution, as well as carefully conceived plans for responding to disruptions that may affect large regions. Hence the third principle: recognizing the reality of integration. There is only one oil market, a complex and worldwide system that moves and consumes about 86 million barrels of oil every day. For all consumers, security resides in the stability of this market. Secession is not an option.
       A fourth principle is the importance of information. High-quality information underpins well-functioning markets. On an international level, the IEA has led the way in improving the flow of information about world markets and energy prospects. That work is being complemented by the new International Energy Forum, which will seek to integrate information from producers and consumers. Information is no less crucial in a crisis, when consumer panics can be instigated by a mixture of actual disruptions, rumors, and fear. In such situations, governments and the private sector should collaborate to counter panics with high-quality, timely information.
       As important as these principles are, the past several years have highlighted the need to expand the concept of energy security in two critical dimensions: the recognition of globalization of the energy security system, which can be achieved especially by engaging China and India, and the acknowledgement of the fact that the entire energy supply chain needs to be protected.
1). The energy security system was established for the following long-term purpose EXCEPT ______.
A. protecting profits of industrialized countries during Arab oil embargo
B. making effective coordination among those industrialized countries
C. promoting cooperation in making policies about energy
D. preventing oil exporters from using oil as a weapon against other countries
      满分：2  分
2). Which of the following statements about International Energy Agency is NOT true?
A.  Its headquarter is located in Paris.
B. Its members include developed and developing countries.
C.  It monitors and analyzes the energy market and policies.
D.  It makes great efforts to save energy and deal with oil disruption.
      满分：2  分
3). The first and foremost thing that both consumers and producers are concerned about is ______.
A. various supply sources
B. stable energy markets
C. the largest profits
D. reasonable prices
      满分：2  分
4). Integration, the third principle to maintain energy security, means to ______.
A. recognize the reality of energy shortage
B. guarantee the stability of energy market
C. realize the unity of the worldwide market
D. protect one’s independent interests
      满分：2  分
5). The main purpose of this passage is to ______.
A. convince readers that energy security is important
B. introduce the major energy organizations of U.S.
C. inform readers what the energy security system is like
D. present principles for ensuring energy security
      满分：2  分

三、简答题（共 5 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations, the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?


      满分：3  分
2.  But dependency is no vice when the habit is healthful — and you don’t have to be an Olympian to benefit.


      满分：3  分
3.  If you are successful, you won’t have to go ask for a raise or accept what you’re given or worry about being turned out when a younger version of yourself comes along.


      满分：3  分
4.  穷人的声音不被理睬，因为政府只制定对富人有益的政策。（tune out）


      满分：3  分
5.  请允许我向你的成功表示祝贺。(congratulate on)


      满分：3  分


四、完型填空（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.   
A consumer’s buyer behavior is influenced by four major factors; cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. These (1) cause consumers to develop product and brand preferences. Although many of these factors cannot be directly controlled by marketers, understanding of their (2) is essential as marketing mix strategies can be developed to appeal to the preferences of the target market.

One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined (3) a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied (4) any particular circumstance. Moods should be (5) from emotions which are usually more intense, (6) to specific circumstances, and often conscious. In one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in (7) the same way as can our reactions to the (8) of our friends — when our friends are happy and “up”, that trends to influence us positively, but when they are “down”, that can have a (9) impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a (10) mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激) in a direction (11) with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see (12) in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a (13) manner than they would when not in such a state. (14), mood states appear capable of (15) a consumer’s memory.

Moods appear to be (16) influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and volume of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the (17) of time spent in supermarkets or (18) to purchase products. (19), advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in (20), are capable of influencing consumer’ reactions to products.
1).
A. factors
B. elements
C. units
D. procedures
      满分：0.5  分
2).
A. result
B. impact
C. target
D. product
      满分：0.5  分
3).
A. with
B. about
C. as
D. by
      满分：0.5  分
4).
A. up
B. to
C. under
D. over
      满分：0.5  分
5).
A. divided
B. derived
C. depended
D. distinguished
      满分：0.5  分
6).
A. referred
B. related
C. analyzed
D. associated
      满分：0.5  分
7).
A. thus
B. still
C. much
D. even
      满分：0.5  分
8).
A. behavior
B. gesture
C. signal
D. view
      满分：0.5  分
9).
A. relative
B. negative
C. sensitive
D. decisive
      满分：0.5  分
10).
A. fixed
B. granted
C. given
D. driven
      满分：0.5  分
11).
A. insistent
B. resistant
C. persistent
D. consistent
      满分：0.5  分
12).
A. retailers
B. consumers
C. businessmen  
D. manufacturers
      满分：0.5  分
13).
A. casual
B. serious
C. favorable
D. critical
      满分：0.5  分
14).
A. Moreover
B. However
C. Nevertheless
D. Otherwise
      满分：0.5  分
15).
A. lifting
B. raising
C. cultivating
D. enhancing
      满分：0.5  分
16).
A. rarely
B. readily
C. currently
D. cautiously
      满分：0.5  分
17).
A. extent
B. scope
C. amount
D. range
      满分：0.5  分
18).
A. strategies
B. functions
C. intentions
D. reflections
      满分：0.5  分
19).
A. In short
B. In addition
C.  In fact
D. In general
      满分：0.5  分
20).
A. turn
B. depth
C. total
D. detail
      满分：0.5  分


五、主观填空题（共 10 道试题，共 20 分。）V 1.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

(depression) people may be just especially in need of the intimacy, the emotional closeness and the social support that marriage can provide.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

2.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Strict measures are taken to prevent the escape of low-level(radiate) from the nuclear power plant.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

3.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

For a number of reasons, companies are having to work harder to protect their reputation and, by(extend), the environment in which they do business.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

4.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

You idea at least(disposal) of the immediate problem though it may not be the best solution.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

5.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Those who v(违反) this law and commit a criminal offense will be punished as a  crime without any exception.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

6.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Many experts gave opinions at the meeting, but u(最终地) the decision lay with the president before it was released to the public.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

7.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

There are many ways to r(释放) your pressure and  stress from which you have suffered a lot.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

8.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

To i(植入) living tissue means to put surgically into a bodily part to replace a damaged part or compensate for a defect.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

9.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The report contained details of the poison gas and c(引用) examples of accidents involving it.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

10.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Compass is a device used to determine geographic direction and usually consists of a magnetic needle or  needles h(水平地) mounted or suspended.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  


六、简答题（共 5 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： How many benefits does exercise bring to our health?


      满分：3  分
2.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What are the basic concepts relating to the direction function?


      满分：3  分
3.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What are the differences between computer virus and human virus?


      满分：3  分
4.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： how can we decide if a virus is benign or malignant?


      满分：3  分
5.  问答题： what are the solutions to the privacy problem of the Internet?


      满分：3  分


七、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）V 1.  论述题 （根据课本内容论述本题）：What is your ideal job or ideal working environment?


      满分：5  分