华东石油2015年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2015年6月份考试)

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2015年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2015年6月份考试)
试卷总分：100       测试时间：--
       

    单选题
    阅读理解
    阅读理解
    完型填空
    主观填空题
    主观填空题
    论述题
    其他题
    判断题


一、单选题（共 15 道试题，共 15 分。）
V
1.  Many children,_______parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their
B. whose
C. whom
D. those
      满分：1  分
2.  Joint ventures may recruit technicians and managerial personnel from elsewhere if they cannot find them in their ______ regions.
A. respective
B. respectful
C. respectable
D. respecting
      满分：1  分
3.  Thank heavens! You have come back home. You should be thankful that you have escaped with only ______ injuries.
A. minor
B. major
C. significant
D. abundant
      满分：1  分
4.  Up to 22 people were killed and 187 others injured in a suicide bomb attack which （ ） a demonstration in a northern Iraqi city
A. transported
B. targeted
C. yielded
D. aimed
      满分：1  分
5.  Theories have been proposed by astronomers to ______ electrical disturbances in the atmosphere.
A. apply for
B. allow for
C. account for
D. appeal for
      满分：1  分
6.  Winning by a narrow ______, the Lakers now go on to play in the championship. .
A. combat
B. margin
C. fringe
D. conquest
      满分：1  分
7.  He barely smiled and hardly looked in the （ ） for a party since he had lost the game again
A. mood
B. mind
C. sentiment
D. brain
      满分：1  分
8.  I hope that I shall never again have to ______ such unpleasant experience; otherwise I might sue to the court
A. undergo
B. underlie
C. underline
D. understand
      满分：1  分
9.  In his book the author explains in details the ten most important （ ） of economics and illustrates their application in some fields
A. primary
B. principles
C. proposal
D. procedures
      满分：1  分
10.  ______ is no reason for discharging her.
A. Because she was a few minutes late
B. Owing to a few minutes being late
C. The fact that she was a few minutes late
D. To be a few minutes late
      满分：1  分
11.  It is difficult to ______ work as it is sometimes mixed together with labor by most people
A. define
B. describe
C. decide
D. design
      满分：1  分
12.  Time and time again, women seem to ______ on promotion and career opportunities.
A. fall out
B. lose out
C. wipe out
D. put out
      满分：1  分
13.  For the time being, Philips could not say when such a product as this might be ______ available, however.
A. vertically
B. commercially
C. horizontally
D. rapidly
      满分：1  分
14.  Sometimes you can _______ valuable antiques by chance – for example when you’re clearing out an old building.
A. come by
B. come in
C. come out
D. come down
      满分：1  分
15.  By no means______to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn't convenient for her family and herself.
A. Jane will agree
B. will Jane agree
C. Jane will disagree
D. will Jane disagree
      满分：1  分、阅读理解（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）
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1.  
    Many people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdom” and consider means of promoting it.
    There are several factors that contribute to wisdom. Of course I should put first a sense of proportion; the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for example, that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine. The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You have not time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed (let us say), as modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lowering the infant death-rate, not only in Europe and America, but also in Asia and Africa. This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations. To take an even more dramatic example, which is in everybody’s mind at the present time; you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race.
    Therefore with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments (增加) our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil, if our purposes are unwise.
1).  Disagreement arises when people try to decide ______.
A. how much more wisdom we have now than before
B. what wisdom is and how to develop it
C. if there is a great increase of wisdom in our age
D. Whether wisdom can be developed or not
      满分：2  分
2). According to the author, “wisdom” is the ability to ______.
A. carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research work
B. give each important problem some careful consideration
C. acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledge
D. give suitable consideration to all the possible elements in a problem
      满分：2  分
3). Lowering the infant death-rate may ______.
A. prove to be helpful everywhere in the world
B.  give rise to an increase in population in Europe
C. cause food shortages in Asia and Africa
D. raise the living standard of the people in Africa
      满分：2  分
4). The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point that _____.
A. it’s extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in a problem
B. success in medical research has its negative effects
C. scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human race.
D. it’s unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine
      满分：2  分
5). What is the main idea of the passage?
A.  It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a powerful mad man.
B. The more knowledge one has, the wiser one becomes.
C. Any increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance of wisdom.
D. wisdom increases in proportion to one’s age.
      满分：2  分（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）
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1.  
       The Internet seems to have just arrived, so how can we possibly imagine what will replace it? In truth, early versions of the Net have been around since the 1960s and 70s, but only after the mid-1990s did it begin to have a serious public impact. Since 1994, the population of users has grown from about 13 million to more than 300 million around the world.
       What will the Internet be like 20 years from now?
       Like the rest of infrastructure, the Internet will eventually seem to disappear by becoming widespread. Most access will probably be via high-speed, low-power radio links. Most handheld, fixed and mobile appliances will be Internet enabled. This trend is already discernible in the form of Internet-enabled cell phones and personal digital assistants. Like the servants of centuries past, our household helpers will chatter with one another and with the outside help.
       So many appliances, vehicles and buildings will be online by 2020 that it seems likely there will be more things on the Internet than people. Internet-enabled cars and airplanes are coming online, and smart houses are being built every day. Eventually, programmable devices will become so cheap that we will embed them in the cardboard boxes into which we put other things for storage or shipping. These passive “computers” will be activated as they pass sensors and will be able to both emit and absorb information. Such innovations will facilitate increasingly automatic manufacturing, inventory control, shipping and distribution. Checkout at the grocery store will be fully automatic, as will payment via your digital wallet.
       The advent of programmable, mini-scale machines will extend the Internet to things with the size of molecules that can be injected under the skin, leading to Internet-enabled people. Such devices, together with Internet-enabled sensors embedded in clothing, will avoid a hospital stay for medical patients who would otherwise be there only for observation. The speech processor used today in cochlear implants for the hearing impaired could easily be connected to the Internet; listening to Internet radio could soon be a direct computer-to-brain experience!
       The Internet will undergo substantial alteration as optical technologies allow the transmission of many trillions of bits per second on each Internet’s fiber-optic backbone network. The core of the network will remain optical, and the edges will use a mix of access technologies, ranging from radio and infrared to optical fiber and the old twisted-pair copper telephone lines.By then, the Internet will have been extended, by means of an interplanetary Internet backbone, to operate in outer space.
       How will this pervasive Internet access affect our daily lives? More and more of the world’s information will be accessible instantly and from virtually anywhere. In an emergency, our health records will be available for remote medical consultation with specialists and perhaps even remote surgery. More and more devices will have access to the global positioning system, increasing the value of geographically indexed databases. Using GPS with speech-understanding software that is emerging today, we will be able to get directions from our Internet as easily as we once got them at a filling station.
       Is there any downside to a society suffused with information and the tools to process it?
       Privacy will come at a premium. Enormous quantities of data about our daily affairs will flow across the Internet, working to make our lives easier. Despite our preference for giving up privacy in exchange for convenience, our experiences online may make us yearn for the anonymity of the past. Who should have access to our medical records and our financial information, and how will that access be controlled? Will we be able to search and use the vast information stored online without leaving trails across the Net? How will business transactions be taxed, and in what jurisdictions will disputed electronic transactions be resolved? How will intellectual property be protected? How will we prove that contracts were signed on a certain date, or that their terms and conditions have not been electronically altered? There are technical answers for many of these questions, but some will require international agreements before they can be resolved.
       Perhaps even more daunting, in the face of Internet-wide virus attacks, is the realization that we will depend in larger and larger measure on the network’s functioning reliably. Making this system of millions of networks robust is a challenge for the present generation of Internet engineers. But I am an optimist and believe we are going to live in a world abundant with information and with the tools needed to use it wisely.
1). The main idea the author tries to convey is that ______.
A. the Internet has already arrived
B. the Internet began to have a serious impact in 1990s
C. the Internet is getting more and more popular
D.

the Internet is developing fast ever since its appearance
      满分：2  分
2). The Internet might seem to disappear because most access to the Internet is probably realized by ______.
A. high-speed, low-power radio links
B. handheld mobile appliances
C. internet-enabled cell phones
D. personal digital assistants
      满分：2  分
3). The Internet will have a significant change thanks to optical technology, which ______.
A.  will make the Internet access more flexible
B. will make the Internet transmission more rapidly
C. will make the Internet communication more convenient
D. will make the Internet more useful in our life
      满分：2  分
4). The primary concern of online experience is ______.
A. privacy
B. convenience
C. pricing
D. conflict
      满分：2  分
5). The author’s attitude toward the future of the Internet is ______.
A. doubtful
B. cheerful
C. biased
D. depressed
      满分：2  分完型填空（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）
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1.  
    A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide — the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that  (1)  does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less  (2)  then, however, were the new, positive   (3)  that work against the digital divide.  (4) , there are reasons to be  (5) .
    There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more  (6)   , it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential  (7)  there are. More and more  (8)  , afraid their countries will be left  (9)  , want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be  (10) together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will  (11)  rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for  (12)  world poverty that we’ve ever had.
    Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to  (13)  poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has  (14)  potential.
    To  (15)  advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices (16)  respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is a/an  (17)  of their sovereignty（主权）might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States  (18)  its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is  (19)  America’s Second Wave infrastructure— (20) roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on—were built with foreign investment.
1).
A. divide
B. information
C. world
D. lecture
      满分：0.5  分
2).
A. unclear
B. visible
C. invisible
D. distinct
      满分：0.5  分
3).
A. forces
B. obstacles
C. events
D. surprises
      满分：0.5  分
4).
A. Seriously
B. Entirely
C. Actually
D. Continuously
      满分：0.5  分
5).
A. negative
B. optimistic
C. pleasant
D. disappointed
      满分：0.5  分
6).
A. developed
B. centralized
C. realized
D. commercialized
      满分：0.5  分
7).
A. users
B. producers
C. customers
D. citizens
      满分：0.5  分
8).
A. enterprises
B. governments
C. officials
D. customers
      满分：0.5  分
9).
A. away
B. for
C. aside
D. behind
      满分：0.5  分
10).
A. netted
B. worked
C. put
D. organized
      满分：0.5  分
11).
A. decrease
B. narrow
C. neglect
D. low
      满分：0.5  分
12).
A. containing
B. preventing
C. keeping
D. combating
      满分：0.5  分
13).
A. win
B. beat
C. defeat
D. fear
      满分：0.5  分
14).
A. enormous
B. endless
C. numerical
D. numbered
      满分：0.5  分
15).
A. bring
B. keep
C. hold
D. take
      满分：0.5  分
16).
A. at
B. with
C. of
D. for
      满分：0.5  分
17).
A. infection
B. investment
C. invasion
D. insult
      满分：0.5  分
18).
A. invented
B. guided
C. built
D. erected
      满分：0.5  分
19).
A. why
B. where
C. when
D. how
      满分：0.5  分
20).
A. concerning
B. concluding
C. according
D. including
      满分：0.5  分、主观填空题（共 4 道试题，共 8 分。）
V
1.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

It is ordered that the annual timber production plan should not exceed the approval annual cutting q(定额).
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
2.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Scientists claimed yesterday to have(solution) the riddle of the birth of the universe.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
3.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The issue was whether or not bacteria would c(污染) the local ecosystem.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
4.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

As we know, many people have no(concept) understanding of computers and just press the keys.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  观填空题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）
V
1.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

As you are usually very prompt in settling your account, we wonder whether there is any special reason why we have not received payment of the above account, already one month o(过期的).
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
2.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The federal government appealed for(restrain), insisting that the crisis could be resolved without the use of force.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
3.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

I e(放入封套) my completed application form, giving full details of my experience and qualifications. i am available for interview at any time.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
4.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

I am glad the government has acted p（迅速地）on the new scientific advice and welcomed the Health Secretary’s statement that beef is still safe to eat.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
5.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

If you lose your member’s card, please inform the club in time and(transaction) the procedure again.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
6.  

根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

If an employee wants to r(辞职), he should notify the employer ahead of time through the enterprise trade union.
  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  
请同学及时保存作业,如您在20分钟内不作操作,系统将自动退出。 、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）
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1.  论述题 （根据课本内容论述本题）：What’s your favorite physical activity? And why it is your favorite?

      满分：5  分其他题（共 6 道试题，共 18 分。）
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1.  

（汉译英）与同事们和睦相处对我来说很重要。

      满分：3  分
2.  （汉译英）由于2008年的奥运会，北京发生了重大变化。（due to）

      满分：3  分
3.  （汉译英）这个数学问题远不像你一开始所想的那么复杂。(far from)

      满分：3  分
4.  （汉译英）中国是一个富产宝贵的自然资源—原油的国家。(be rich in)

      满分：3  分
5.  （英译汉）The price of gasoline will come down in Chinese market.

      满分：3  分
6.  （汉译英）请允许我向你的成功表示祝贺。(congratulate on)

      满分：3  分
请同学及时保存作业,如您在20分钟内不作操作,系统将自动退出。题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）
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1.  （判断正误）Mr Smith is coming to visit us soon. We'd better get everything ready before he arrives.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
2.  （判断正误）Surely, there are lots of problems solving in our research so we need to get well prepared in advance.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
3.  （判断正误）The man denied going into the neighbor's garden and stealing his cow.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
4.  （判断正误）But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
5.  （判断正误）Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from that of the past.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
6.  （判断正误）A few hours ago, a small suitcase with some important papers were stolen from the general manager's office.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分