华东石油2015年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2015年6月份考试

谋学网

一、单选题（共 15 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  Plants can （ ） carbon dioxide and release oxygen, so they are beneficial to our healthA. take
B. receive
C. accept
D. absorb
      满分：1  分
2.  The taxi driver was put in ______prison because his car had knocked down a child. His wife went to______ prison to see him twice a month.A. /; /
B. the; the
C. /; the
D. the; /
      满分：1  分
3.  We’ve worked out a method by which our production can be raised on a large （ ）A. quantity
B. scale
C. quality
D. proportion
      满分：1  分
4.  The issue was whether or not the bacteria (细菌) in his body would __________ the local ecosystem.A. break
B. balance
C. contaminate
D. contain
      满分：1  分
5.  A(n) （ ） is someone who is being considered for a position, for example someone who is running in an election or applying for a jobA. astronomer
B. scientist
C. candidate
D. researcher
      满分：1  分
6.  Please keep an eye on the kid and his dog ______ are walking in the park.A. which
B. who
C. those
D. that
      满分：1  分
7.  
— John wants to see you today.

— I would rather he _______ tomorrow than today.

A. comes
B. came
C. should come
D. could come
      满分：1  分
8.  A marine shale, once believed to be a black mud rich in organic compounds, is a common source rock to ______ oil.A. block
B. discover
C. originate
D. prevent
      满分：1  分
9.  It is believed to be a problem that will affect only a small ______ of the total populationA. fraction
B. friction
C. affection
D. fracture
      满分：1  分
10.  One cause of the current food crisis is ______ and food prices are high in part because of the dry weather in these places.A. flood
B. cough
C. rough
D. drought
      满分：1  分
11.  — You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. — Well, now I regret _________ that.A. having done
B. to have done
C. to be doing
D. to do
      满分：1  分
12.  Joint ventures may ______ labor contracts with the employees according to their needs in production and management operations.A. signal
B. write
C. sign
D. draw
      满分：1  分
13.  Recent laws have tended to（ ） the freedom of the press in this countryA. exceed
B. restrict
C. convert
D. resolve
      满分：1  分
14.  Different management practices might be the （ ） for the company’s problemsA. treatment
B. lure
C. measures
D. cure
      满分：1  分
15.  （ ） at the launching position, a lift took him up to the rocket, which was 65 feet above the groundA.
B. While arriving
C. Having arrived
D. When he arrived
E. On its arrival
      满分：1  分

二、阅读理解（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
    People can be addicted to different things ─ e.g., alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive, i.e., they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders; They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational ─ impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.
    There is even a special psychology of bargain-hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game; when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.
    It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. They consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.
    Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy” to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.1). According to the psychologists a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money （ ） .
A. and takes great pleasure from what he or she buys
B. in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in life
C. just to meet his or her strong psychological need
D. entirely with an irrational eagerness
      满分：2  分
2). According to the writer, compulsive bargain hunters are in constant search of the lowest possible prices （） .
A. because they want to save money to help their budgets
B. because they can openly boast of their triumph over others in getting things for less
C. and will not have money problems if they can keep to their budgets
D. but they seldom admit they feel satisfied if they can get things for less than others
      满分：2  分
3). Which of the following is TRUE?
A. All people spend money for exactly the same reason that they need to buy things.
B.
Business people and advertisers can use the psychology of money to increase sales
C. Business people understand the psychology of compulsive buying better than scientists do
D. compulsive bargain hunters do not have problems with money.
      满分：2  分
4). The article is mainly about（）.
A. the psychology of money – spending habits
B. the purchasing habits of compulsive spenders
C. a special psychology of bargain hunting
D. the use of the psychology of spending habits in business
      满分：2  分
5). From the passage we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargain hunters（）
A. are really unreasonable
B. need special treatment
C. are really beyond remedies
D. can never get any help to solve their problems with money
      满分：2  分
三、阅读理解（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
   A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin deep. One's physical assets and liabilities don't count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.
   Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not so beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group —college students, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers—a piece of paper relating an individual's accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.
   In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire(追求) to managerial positions do not g et on as well as women who may be less attractive.
1). According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as a manager _____.
A. a person's property or debts do not matter much
B. a person's outward appearance is not a critical qualification
C. women should always dress fashionably
D. women should not only be attractive but also high minded
      满分：2  分
2). The result of research carried out by social scientists show that ______.
A. people do not realize the importance of looking one's best
B. women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well
C. good looking women aspire to managerial positions
D. attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not
      满分：2  分
3). Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals on certain attributes ______.
A. they observe the principle that beauty is only skin deep
B. they do not usually act according to the views they support
C. they give ordinary looking persons the lowest ratings
D. they tend to base their judgment on the individual's accomplishments
      满分：2  分
4). "Good looks cut both ways for women"(Line 1, Para.5) means that _______.
A. attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobs
B. good looking women always get the best of everything
C. being attractive is not always an advantage for women
D. attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions
      满分：2  分
5).  It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world _____.
A.  handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are
B. physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well
C. physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well
D. good looks are important for women as they are for men
      满分：2  分
四、完型填空（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
    Throughout the past century humanity did everything in its power to control nature. We dammed earth’s rivers,  (1)  down the forests and exhausted the soils. Burning up fuels, we  (2)   a great deal of greenhouse gases into the air,  (3)  the chemistry of the atmosphere and warming the planet in just a few decades. And as our population began the year 2000  (4)  the 6 billion mark, still spreading across the continents, dozens of animals and plant species were  (5)  every day, including the first primate to disappear in more than 200 years.
    At the start of the 21st century there were unmistakable signs that nature was beginning to take its  (6) . Melting ice in both poles of the earth suggested that the climate was changing rapidly. Weather was even more  (7)  than usual, giving some places too little rain and others too much. Fires  (8)  across the dried American West last summer, and recent storms  (9)  damages from Britain to China. No specific event could be directly  (10)  on global warming, floods and drought will be more frequent – and severe. Others sad signs from an  (11)  planet include falling grain and fish harvest and fiercer  (12)  for scare water supplies.
      (13)  , there were also, in the year 2000, signs of great awareness.  (14)  by the Internet, hundreds of millions people gathered for the 30th anniversary of Earth Day. Governments from Washington to Lima  (15)  steps to protect the large wild areas from development. Progress was made toward using more  (16)  energy from the wind and the sun, and new cars that used both gasoline and electricity  (17)  fuel-economy statistics.
    The goal for the new century is “  (18)  development”. Is that possible? It  (19)  on how well we understand that  (20)  is part of nature, not lord and master of it.
1).
A. tapped
B. swayed
C. chopped
D. tore
      满分：0.5  分
2).
A. drained
B. streamed
C. reversed
D. pumped
      满分：0.5  分
3).
A. altering
B. extracting
C. composing
D. mounting
      满分：0.5  分
4).
A. reached
B. beyond
C. resided
D. above
      满分：0.5  分
5).
A. killing off
B. dying out
C. ending off
D. ceasing out
      满分：0.5  分
6).
A. destiny
B. condemn
C. damage
D. revenge
      满分：0.5  分
7).
A. changeable
B. inevitable
C. exploitable
D. accessible
      满分：0.5  分
8).
A. rushes
B. races
C. rates
D. ranks
      满分：0.5  分
9).
A. scattered
B. swept
C. spread
D. suffered
      满分：0.5  分
10).
A. accused
B. blamed
C. answered
D. tied
      满分：0.5  分
11).
A. overwhelmed
B. overtaken
C. overpopulated
D. overburdened
      满分：0.5  分
12).
A. sacrifice
B. provision
C. competition
D. debate
      满分：0.5  分
13).
A. Therefore
B. However
C. Besides
D. Consequently
      满分：0.5  分
14).
A. Connected
B. Converted
C. Concentrated
D. Confined
      满分：0.5  分
15).
A. put
B. made
C. took
D. entered
      满分：0.5  分
16).
A. revisable
B. reversible
C. retrievable
D. renewable
      满分：0.5  分
17).
A. et aside
B. rested with
C. spoke off
D. kept on
      满分：0.5  分
18).
A. supportive
B. sustainable
C. successive
D. susceptible
      满分：0.5  分
19).
A. depends
B. deprives
C. defends
D. defines
      满分：0.5  分
20).
A. development
B. species
C. humanity
D. ecology
      满分：0.5  分

五、主观填空题（共 4 道试题，共 8 分。）V 1.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

It is ordered that the annual timber production plan should not exceed the approval annual cutting q(定额).

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

2.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide, political, economic and cultural(transform).

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

3.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

(convert) to gas central heating will save you a lot of money.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

4.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The company always persists in the detailed and shortcut company spirit of focusing on people, quality first, customers u(至上的).

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

六、主观填空题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）V 1.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Many experts gave opinions at the meeting, but u(最终地) the decision lay with the president before it was released to the public.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

2.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

High unemployment is one of the(period) crises of a capitalist system.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

3.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Those who v(违反) this law and commit a criminal offense will be punished as a  crime without any exception.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

4.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

These scientists’work on engines set the s(舞台) for the development of spaceships.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

5.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The new Volkswagen is much more streamlined and almost all the body panels are c(弯曲的).

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

6.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

It took the authorities a long time to make(identify) of the accident victims.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  


七、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）V 1.  论述题 （根据课本内容论述本题）：What can we do to protect our environment?


      满分：5  分
八、其他题（共 6 道试题，共 18 分。）V 1.  （英译汉）Experience has shown that to maintain energy security countries must abide by several principles.


      满分：3  分2.  （英译汉）The price of gasoline will come down in Chinese market.


      满分：3  分3.  （汉译英）有了他的帮助，我们就没有其他什么可担心的了。


      满分：3  分4.  
（汉译英）与同事们和睦相处对我来说很重要。



      满分：3  分5.  （英译汉）On the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single observation that disagrees with the predictions of the theory.


      满分：3  分6.  （汉译英）这个数学问题远不像你一开始所想的那么复杂。(far from)


      满分：3  分

九、判断题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）V 1.  （判断正误）But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
2.  （判断正误）A few hours ago, a small suitcase with some important papers were stolen from the general manager's office.A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
3.  （判断正误）Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from that of the past.A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
4.  （判断正误）The man denied going into the neighbor's garden and stealing his cow.A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
5.  （判断正误）Surely, there are lots of problems solving in our research so we need to get well prepared in advance.A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
6.  （判断正误）Mr Smith is coming to visit us soon. We'd better get everything ready before he arrives.A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分