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Network Education College, BLCU
《大学英语（二）》模拟试卷二
注意：
1.试卷保密，考生不得将试卷带出考场或撕页，否则成绩作废。请监考老师负责监督。
2.请各位考生注意考试纪律，考试作弊全部成绩以零分计算。
3.本试卷满分100分，答题时间为90分钟。
4.本试卷分为试题卷和答题卷，所有资料必须答在答题卷上，答在试题卷上不给分。
奥鹏作业资料1.Multiple Choice . (1 point for each, altogether 30 points)
Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word that you think best complete the sentence. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
1. He fell in love with Mary at the ___ of her.
A. glance B. gaze
C. sight D. stare
2. ___ man can now create radioactive elements , there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.
A. As B. Whether
C. While D. Now that
3. Before you ___ down other people, you may as well consider your own faults.
A. bring B. run
C. turn D. send
4. He was ___ at the size of his opponent.
A. displayed B. dismayed
C. dismissed D. lose
5. More and more advertisers use television medium to ___ their products.
A. publish B. advice
C. advertise D. announce
6. The teacher asked the students to learn the passage by heart, and they all ___ .
A. did so B. so did
C. did that D. did such
7. This telescope is used for the ___ of distant stars.
A. investigation B. watching
C. observation D. discovery
8. The statue would be perfect but for a few small ___ in its base.
A. weaknesses B. flaws
C. errors D. mistake
9. In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women ___ this field is climbing.
A. engaging B. devoting
C. registering D. pursuing
10. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottle of pills out of ___ .
A. hand B. reach
C. hold D. place
11. She ___ to tell me the whole story.
A. advanced B. progressed
C. preceded D. proceeded
12. It is reported that two cars ___ into each other this morning on the highway, killing both drivers and two passengers.
A. crawled B. crushed
C. pressed D. crashed
13. The bad weather will ___ our building plans.
A. set on B. set back
C. set down D. set off
14. Color flags and balloons ___ the attraction of the festival.
A. put on B. added to
C. put for D. added
15. We welcome rain，but a（an)___large amount of rainfall will cause floods.
A. extensively B. extremely
C. specially D. constantly
16. From the evidence I heard, I draw a ___that he has been lying.
A. result B. end
C. completion D. conclusion
17. Physics deals with the forces acting on ___objects.
A. concessive B. specific
C. concrete D. concise
18. ___your letter of complaint, it has been delivered to the general manager.
A. As for B. Concerning
C. With D. Considering
19. His designs are highly ___.
A. inventive B. original
C. imaginative D. creative
20. It is said that the ___of civilization started from the east.
A. source B. resource
C. place D. origin
21. The presidential candidate ___his position by winning several primary elections.
A. enforced B. enriched
C. intensified D. consolidated
22. It will become impossible for cars to ___into one another.
A. crash B. crushed
C. plunged D. crashed
23. A window in the kitchen was ___; there was rubbish everywhere ,and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.
A. scattered B. scraped
C. scratched D. smashed
24. Great minds have a way of looking at life ___to themselves.
A. odd B. peculiar
C. queer D. crazy
25. He is ___a fair judge.
A. regarded as B. known as
C. known to D. known for
26. The engine ___smoke and steam.
A. gives up B. gives in
C. gives away D. gives off
27. Financial problems have ___our building programme.
A. set aside B. set about
C. set back D. set forth
28. The branch ___out of the water.
A. stick out B. stick to
C. stick up D. stick up for
29. The aeroplane ___in the hills.
A. hit B. smashed
C. crashed D. clashed
30. Buck Helm, a retired salesman, survived ___ alive for 90 hours.
A. being buried B. having buried
C. burying D. to be buried
II. Cloze . (0.5 point for each, altogether 10 points)
Directions: Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed ___31__ over the centuries. During the 1950's and 1960's especially, increased attention has been devoted to __32___ the reading process. ___33___ specialists agree that reading ___34__ a complex organization of higher mental ___35___ , they disagree ___36___ the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, ___37___ reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand ___38___ .These authorities ___39___ that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is ___40___ related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without ___41___ their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, __42____ some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who ___43___ reads. Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its ___44___ .By some expert they would not be __45____ as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use. By the most __46___ and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to __47___ the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various ___48___ , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do ___49___ widely and enthusiastically. __50___ reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.
31. _
A. substantively B. substantially
C. substitutively D. subjectively
32. _
A. define and describe B. definition and description
C. defining and describing D. have defined and described
33. _
A. Although B. If
C. Unless D. Until
34. _
A. involves B. involves to
C. is involved D. involves of
35. _
A. opinions B. effects
C. manners D. functions
36. _
A. of B. about
C. for D. into
37. _
A. view B. look
C. reassure D. agree
38. _
A. by B. to
C. off D. for
39. _
A. content B. contend
C. contempt D. contact
40. _
A. inexplicably B. inexpressibly
C. inextricably D. inexpediently
41. _
A. interpreting B. saying
C. explaining D. reading
42. _
A. like B. for example
C. according to D. as
43. _
A. sometimes B. might
C. practical D. actually
44. _
A. entire B. entirety
C. entirely D. entity
45. _
A. classed B. granted
C. classified D. graded
46. _
A. inclusive B. inclinable
C. conclusive D. complicated
47. _
A. break up B. elaborate
C. define D. unlock
48. _
A. purposes B. degrees
C. stages D. state
49. _
A. such B. so as
C. so D. such as
50. _
A. By the way B. In short
C. So far D. On the other hand
III. Reading Comprehension. (2 points for each, altogether 30 points)
Directions: There are three passages followed by questions. Beneath each question there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the right answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.
Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.
This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的）or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction – the firm and the customer – and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new King Customer ruled!
51. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ____________.
A. the practice of turning goods into money B. making goods available for purchase
C. the customer-centred approach D. a form of persuasive salesmanship
52. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?
A. The needs of the market. B. The efficiency of production.
C. The satisfaction of the user. D. The preferences of the dealer.
53. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4, Para. I) means “_______________”.
A. to sell the largest possible amount of goods B. to transport goods as efficiently as possible
C. to dispose of these goods in large quantities D. to redesign these goods for large-scale production
54. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?
A. Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people. B. It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.
C. Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please. D. Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.
55. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ___________.
A. its main characteristic B. its social impact
C. its possible consequence D. its theoretical basis
Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy（冷漠）and stagnation（呆滞）. Too much conflict leads to divisiveness（分裂） and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.
Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.
Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.
Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.
In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.
56. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ___________.
A. wrong B. oversimplified
C. misleading D. unclear
57. Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows _______________.
A. the advantages and disadvantages of conflict B. the real value of conflict
C. the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflict D. the complexity of defining the roles of conflict
58. We can learn from Schwenk’s research that ___________.
A. a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization B. conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizations
C. different people resolve conflicts in different ways D. it is impossible for people to avoid conflict
59. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ____________.
A. there is no end of conflict B. expression of different opinions is encouraged
C. decisions must be justifiable D. success lies in general agreement
60. People working in a not-for-profit organization _____________.
A. seem to be difficult to satisfy B. are free to express diverse opinions
C. are less effective in making decisions D. find it easier to reach agreement
Imagine eating everything delicious you want—with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn’t it?
New “fake fat” products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients（营养物）and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it’s up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.
Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.
Normally, special chemicals in the intestines（肠） “grab” molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecule of substances called fatty acids.
The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.
Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it’s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.
Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.
61. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that ______________.
A. contains plenty of nutrients B. renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitamins
C. makes foods easily digestible D. makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious
62. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ____________.
A. commercially useless B. just as anticipated
C. somewhat controversial D. quite unexpected
63. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that _____________.
A. it passes through the intestines without being absorbed B. it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the body
C. it helps reduce the incidence of heart disease D. it prevents excessive intake of vitamins
64. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?
A. It may impair the digestive system. B. It may affect the overall fat intake.
C. It may increase the risk of cancer. D. It many spoil the consumers’ appetite.
65. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?
A. It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins. B. People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.
C. The function of the intestines may be weakened. D. It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.
IV. Translation. (2 points for each, altogether 20 points)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English or chinese, using the words or phrases in the brackets. Write your answers on the answer sheet.
66. 这个山庄是以矗立在它前面的那个村庄命名的。（name after）
67. 这封信必须交给威尔博士本人。(be to)
68. 亨利创作的艺术品在很多方面要比他兄弟的好。(be superior to )
69. 就业余爱好而言，珍妮和她！！！几乎没有共同之处。(have little in common)
70. 我被他们互相矛盾的意见搞糊涂了，不知如何去做才是。(be bewildered by)
71. 冷静耐心地处理这个微妙(delicate)问题是明智的。(It would be wise (advisable) to do )
72. 数学老师知道如果汤姆解不出这道难题，那么很可能班上别的同学也解不出。(chances are that)
73. 科学家们已经做了无数实验，表明在改进人的行为方面，表扬比批评有效的多。(far more effective than)
74. 我确实知道，现在不少年轻人有一边做作业，一边听背景音乐的习惯。(have the habit of doing one thing while doing another)
75. 市长在他的电视讲话中详细谈了交通安全问题。他提到自一月份以来，由交通事故造成的死亡人数一直在上升。(TV talk, on the rise)
V. Writing: write down your composition on the ANSWER SHEET (altogether 10 points)
76. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a friend who will come to your city to see you. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
假设你是李明, 你的一个朋友张伟准备到你所在的城市来旅游，但你有事不能接待。写封信给他，解释你不能接待的原因，并说明你所做的安排。
大学英语（二）模拟试卷一资料
一 Multiple Choice
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
资料 C C B B C A C B D B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
资料 D D B B B D C B B D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
资料 D A D B B D C C C A
二 Cloze
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
资料 B C A A D B A D B A
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
资料 A C D B C C D A C B
三 Reading Comprehension
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
资料 C B A D A B C A D B
题号 61 62 63 64 65
资料 D D A C B
四 Translation
五 Writing
76.
写作思路：
Your score is based on your ability to clearly and completely express your viewpoints in the letter. Your letter should also be well-structured and contain at least three passages, that is, the introductory passage, the reasons why you cannot pick up your friends and your arrangement. Pay attention to the format of the letter.
评分标准：
10分 文章切题，文字通顺，条理清楚，无语言错误
8分 文章切题，文字通顺，条理清楚，但有少量语言错误
6分 基本切题，文字尚连贯，有个别地方表达不清，有较多语言错误
4分 基本切题，思想表达不清，连贯性差，有较多的语言严重错误
2分 条理不清，思维紊乱，语言支离破碎，大部分有错误，且多数为严重错误 |
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