石油华东2014年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2014年6月份考试)资料

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2014年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2014年6月份考试)
试卷总分：100       测试时间：--
单选题 阅读理解 阅读理解 完型填空 主观填空题 主观填空题 论述题 其他题 判断题  


一、单选题（共 15 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  _____ I don't like are the long, dark nights of winter.
A. That
B. What
C. Which
D. This
      满分：1  分
2.  The king blamed （ ） and taxes for high oil prices and suggested setting up a program of 1 billion U.S. dollars similar to those that OPEC set up before to solve the oil crisis
A. peculiarity
B. speculation
C. spectacular
D. inspect
      满分：1  分
3.  The managing director took the （ ） for the accident, although it was not really his fault
A. guilt
B. blame
C. accusation
D. charge
      满分：1  分
4.  Recent laws have tended to______ the freedom of the press in this country.
A. exceed
B. restrict
C. convert
D. resolve
      满分：1  分
5.  When climbing the hill, John was knocked unconscious by an （ ） rolling stone
A. untouched
B. unfamiliar
C. unexpected
D. unbelievable
      满分：1  分
6.  Having taken our seats,______.
A. the professor began the lecture
B. the lecture began in no time
C. we were attracted by the lecturer immediately
D. the bell announced the beginning of the lecture
      满分：1  分
7.  When climbing the hill, John was knocked unconscious by an ______ rolling stone
A. untouched
B. unfamiliar
C. unexpected
D. unbelievable
      满分：1  分
8.  China’s news media is following world trend by marketization and __________into enterprises.
A. conversion
B. translation
C. transplanting
D. transforming
      满分：1  分
9.  
— John wants to see you today.

— I would rather he _______ tomorrow than today.

A. comes
B. came
C. should come
D. could come
      满分：1  分
10.  Sometimes you can _______ valuable antiques by chance – for example when you’re clearing out an old building.
A. come by
B. come in
C. come out
D. come down
      满分：1  分
11.  I feel nervous about the ______ of the experiment as it determines the future of this domain.
A. outcome
B. outlook
C. output
D. outline
      满分：1  分
12.  The driver was at______loss when______word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.
A. a; /
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. /; /
      满分：1  分
13.  Compass is a device used to determine geographic direction and usually consists of a magnetic needle or needles __________ mounted or suspended.
A. accidentally
B. orientally
C. incidentally
D. horizontally
      满分：1  分
14.  Enough lava had __________ from the volcano to bury the entire village.
A. disrupted
B. splashed
C. erupted
D.  spilt
      满分：1  分
15.  _______ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.
A. That
B. What
C. In spite of what
D. Though what
      满分：1  分 、阅读理解（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
    Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sports women kill the essence of sports -- the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself; he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for an entire nation's hopes, dream and reputation. A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the world's most important sport. It is even more important now that the United States is seriously taking it up. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention "Argentina” to someone and the chances are that he'll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup "put Argentina on the map".
    Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.
    So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every sense better than all others? Not really. But it's nice to know that you won, and that in one way at least your country is best.
1). What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage ?
A. To prove that football is the world's most important sport.
B. To show that Argentina is better than all others.
C.  To compare Scotland with Argentina.
D. To explain the role of sport.
      满分：2  分
2).  In the second paragraph, the word “summit” means ______.
A. highest point
B. mountain top
C. award
D. summary
      满分：2  分
3). According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its ______.
A. large number of sports fans and supporters
B. success in the football World Cup
C. obvious position on the map
D.  excellence at all important sports
      满分：2  分
4). According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will ______.
A. fail to succeed
B. be successful
C. lose enjoyment
D. be irrational
      满分：2  分
5). What is the author's attitude towards international games?
A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefield.
B.  Nations that won football World Cup are regarded best in all aspects.
C. Nations that win in international games prove best on the sports field at least.
D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.
      满分：2  分



读理解（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
       The current energy security system was created in response to the 1973 Arab oil embargo to ensure coordination among the industrialized countries in the event of a disruption in supply, encourage collaboration on energy policies, and deter any future use of an “oil weapon” by exporters. Its key elements are the Paris-based International Energy Agency (IEA), whose members are the industrialized countries; strategic stockpiles of oil, including the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserves; continued monitoring and analysis of energy markets and policies; and energy conservation and coordinated emergency sharing of supplies in the event of a disruption. The emergency system was set up to offset major disruptions that threatened the global economy and stability, not to manage prices and the commodity cycle. Since the system’s inception in the 1970s, a coordinated emergency drawdown of strategic stockpiles has occurred only twice: on the eve of the Gulf War in 1991 and in the autumn of 2005 after Hurricane Katrina.
       Experience has shown that to maintain energy security countries must abide by several principles. The first and most familiar is what Churchill urged more than 90 years ago: diversification of supply. Multiplying one’s supply sources reduces the impact of a disruption in supply from one source by providing alternatives, serving the interests of both consumers and producers, for whom stable markets are a prime concern. But diversification is not enough. A second principle is resilience, a “security margin” in the energy supply system that provides a buffer against shocks and facilitates recovery after disruptions. Resilience can come from many factors, including sufficient spare production capacity, strategic reserves, backup supplies of equipment, adequate storage capacity along the supply chain, and the stockpiling of critical parts for electric power production and distribution, as well as carefully conceived plans for responding to disruptions that may affect large regions. Hence the third principle: recognizing the reality of integration. There is only one oil market, a complex and worldwide system that moves and consumes about 86 million barrels of oil every day. For all consumers, security resides in the stability of this market. Secession is not an option.
       A fourth principle is the importance of information. High-quality information underpins well-functioning markets. On an international level, the IEA has led the way in improving the flow of information about world markets and energy prospects. That work is being complemented by the new International Energy Forum, which will seek to integrate information from producers and consumers. Information is no less crucial in a crisis, when consumer panics can be instigated by a mixture of actual disruptions, rumors, and fear. In such situations, governments and the private sector should collaborate to counter panics with high-quality, timely information.
       As important as these principles are, the past several years have highlighted the need to expand the concept of energy security in two critical dimensions: the recognition of globalization of the energy security system, which can be achieved especially by engaging China and India, and the acknowledgement of the fact that the entire energy supply chain needs to be protected.
1). The energy security system was established for the following long-term purpose EXCEPT ______.
A. protecting profits of industrialized countries during Arab oil embargo
B. making effective coordination among those industrialized countries
C. promoting cooperation in making policies about energy
D. preventing oil exporters from using oil as a weapon against other countries
      满分：2  分
2). Which of the following statements about International Energy Agency is NOT true?
A.  Its headquarter is located in Paris.
B. Its members include developed and developing countries.
C.  It monitors and analyzes the energy market and policies.
D.  It makes great efforts to save energy and deal with oil disruption.
      满分：2  分
3). The first and foremost thing that both consumers and producers are concerned about is ______.
A. various supply sources
B. stable energy markets
C. the largest profits
D. reasonable prices
      满分：2  分
4). Integration, the third principle to maintain energy security, means to ______.
A. recognize the reality of energy shortage
B. guarantee the stability of energy market
C. realize the unity of the worldwide market
D. protect one’s independent interests
      满分：2  分
5). The main purpose of this passage is to ______.
A. convince readers that energy security is important
B. introduce the major energy organizations of U.S.
C. inform readers what the energy security system is like
D. present principles for ensuring energy security
      满分：2  分 完型填空（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
   In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the manipulation of life at a (1) level — the gene. The study of genetics has  (2)  a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggest, it incorporates biology  (3) modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize in agriculture and are working passionately to  (4)  seeds that give a high yield, that  (5)  diseases, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for  (6)  chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most  (7). But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops.
   In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain  (8) . A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering, (9)  usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another  (10)  to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze  (11)  from an artic fish, and inserting it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. (12), then, biotechnology allows humans to breach the genetic walls that separate species.
   Like the green revolution, (13) some call, the gene revolution (14) to the problem of genetic uniformity—some say even more so  (15) geneticists can employ techniques such (16) cloning and organ culture(培养), processes that produce perfectly  (17)  copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new  (18), such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment. “We are flying blindly into a new  (19)  of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and little idea of the potential  (20),” said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.
1).
A. fundamental
B. governmental
C. mental
D. instrumental
      满分：0.5  分
2).
A. got along with
B. given rise to
C. come up with
D. lived up to
      满分：0.5  分
3).
A. into
B. from
C. with
D. for
      满分：0.5  分
4).
A. raise
B. experiment
C. cultivate
D. gather
      满分：0.5  分
5).
A. restrict
B. resist
C. reverse
D. recur
      满分：0.5  分
6).
A. hostile
B. useless
C. hopeless
D. harmless
      满分：0.5  分
7).
A. beneficial
B. disappointing
C. lasting
D. glooming
      满分：0.5  分
8).
A. lines
B. limits
C. species
D. ages
      满分：0.5  分
9).
A. after all
B. on the other hand
C. in any case
D. as a rest
      满分：0.5  分
10).
A. to the point
B. in no case
C. in an attempt
D. with regard
      满分：0.5  分
11).
A. quality
B. superiority
C. priority
D. quantity
      满分：0.5  分
12).
A. In essence
B. In part
C. In advance
D. In return
      满分：0.5  分
13).
A. what
B. where
C. as
D. so
      满分：0.5  分
14).
A. combine
B. contributes
C. command
D. break
      满分：0.5  分
15).
A. that
B. because
C. if
D. when
      满分：0.5  分
16).
A. like
B. for example
C. as
D. is
      满分：0.5  分
17).
A. resembling
B. alike
C. similar
D. identical
      满分：0.5  分
18).
A. issues
B. height
C. difficulties
D. goals
      满分：0.5  分
19).
A. spot
B. era
C. deadline
D. scheme
      满分：0.5  分
20).
A. navigation
B. mystery
C. outcomes
D. destination
      满分：0.5  分
题（共 4 道试题，共 8 分。）V 1.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Scientists claim to have i(识别) chemicals produced by certain plants which have powerful cancer-combating properties.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

2.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The increasing(employ) caused social unrest, therefore the government must take prompt and effective measures to resolve it.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

3.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The report contained details of the poison gas and c(引用) examples of accidents involving it.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

4.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Scientists claimed yesterday to have(solution) the riddle of the birth of the universe.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  



主观填空题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）V 1.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Compass is a device used to determine geographic direction and usually consists of a magnetic needle or  needles h(水平地) mounted or suspended.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

2.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

More aid should be given to the needy families in those i(穷困的) villages, instead of wasting huge sums of money on tax-cuts for the rich.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

3.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

To i(植入) living tissue means to put surgically into a bodily part to replace a damaged part or compensate for a defect.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

4.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Pollution growth and economic development is a matter of complex(relation).

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

5.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Strict measures are taken to prevent the escape of low-level(radiate) from the nuclear power plant.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

6.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

His illness has been greatly relieved, but he still needs r(加强) therapy.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）V 1.  论述题 （根据课本内容论述本题）：What are the advantages and disadvantages of the computer to your life?
他题（共 6 道试题，共 18 分。）V 1.  （英译汉）In the millions of miles of ocean that touch a hundred nations live four out of five living things on earth.


      满分：3  分
2.  
（汉译英）与同事们和睦相处对我来说很重要。



      满分：3  分
3.  （汉译英）中国是一个富产宝贵的自然资源—原油的国家。(be rich in)


      满分：3  分
4.  （英译汉）The price of gasoline will come down in Chinese market.


      满分：3  分
5.  （英译汉）On the other hand, you can disprove a theory by finding even a single observation that disagrees with the predictions of the theory.


      满分：3  分
6.  （英译汉）His failure to observe the safety regulations results in an accident.

、判断题（共 6 道试题，共 12 分。）V 1.  （判断正误）Mr Smith is coming to visit us soon. We'd better get everything ready before he arrives.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
2.  （判断正误）Surely, there are lots of problems solving in our research so we need to get well prepared in advance.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
3.  （判断正误）A few hours ago, a small suitcase with some important papers were stolen from the general manager's office.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
4.  （判断正误）Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from that of the past.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
5.  （判断正误）But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分
6.  （判断正误）The man denied going into the neighbor's garden and stealing his cow.
A. 错误
B. 正确
      满分：2  分