北京大学15秋《大学英语3》作业4资料辅导资料

谋学网

作业ID：  10360
  
  
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1.
鼓励独立完成作业，严禁抄袭。

词汇与结构



Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _____ by the judge.


A. A. service
B. B. sentence
C. C. crime
D. D. crisis








2.
Frankfurt, Germany, is one of the most _____ populated regions in Western Europe,


A. A. densely
B. B. vastly
C. C. enormously
D. D. largely








3.
Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for her history examination.


A. A. to prepare
B. B. preparing
C. C. to be prepared
D. D. being prepared








4.
By the end of this month, we surely ______ a satisfactory solution to the problem.


A. A. have found
B. B. will be finding
C. C. will have found
D. D. are finding








5.
Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ______, of course, made the others jealous.


A. A. whom
B. B. that
C. C. what
D. D. which








6.
Linda, ______ has lived next door to me about 10 years, will move to another city soon.


A. A. who
B. B. which
C. C. that
D. D. what








7.
The visitors felt greatly surprised at ______ they saw in the museum.


A. A. who
B. B. whose
C. C. how
D. D. what








8.
On no account ______ held responsible for the accident.


A. A. the driver can be
B. B. can the driver be
C. C. the driver docs be
D. D. does the driver be








9.
______ by his friend for his mistake, Jim felt very unhappy.


A. A. Criticizing
B. B. To criticize
C. C. Criticized
D. D. Having criticized








10.
Our sports meet is planned to take place ______ Saturday morning.


A. A. in
B. B. at
C. C. on
D. D. of








11.
You can’t afford to let the situation get worse. You must take ______ to put it right.


A. A. decisions
B. B. directions
C. C. sides
D. D. steps








12.
How these big stones were moved to the mountain tops remains a ______, that is, nobody knows how.


A. A. mystery
B. B. possibility
C. C. responsibility
D. D. faith








13.
Michael Jackson traveled and sang all around the world, ______ his audience with music, dance and fashion.


A. A. entertaining
B. B. awarding
C. C. giving
D. D. proving








14.
To improve efficiency the factory ______ most of its workers with robots.


A. A. operated
B. B. replaced
C. C. contributed
D. D. accomplished








15.
—Fred: Hi, Paul, do you live near here?

—Paul: ______ I moved out to the suburbs.


A. A. Hi, Fred, how do you do?
B. B. Hi, Fred, I'm very well, thanks.
C. C. Yes, I do.
D. D. No, I don't.








16.
改错

请在以下句子划线部分中，挑出错误的选项。



Weather permit, we’ll have the match tomorrow.



A. A. Weather
B. B. permit
C. C. have
D. D. tomorrow








17.
Don’t you think it’s the most worst film we have seen since we came here ten years ago?


A. A. Don’t you
B. B. the most worst film
C. C. have seen
D. D. since








18.
She is as gifted as she is more intelligent.


A. A. is
B. B. gifted
C. C. more
D. D. intelligent








19.
The teacher, as well as his students, were present at the meeting.


A. A. teacher
B. B. were
C. C. at
D. D. meeting








20.
Walking alone in the desert, the traveler is boring.


A. A. Walking
B. B. in
C. C. traveler
D. D. boring




   
   


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21.
请阅读以下文章，回答文章后的五个小题。每个小题只有一个最佳选项。



Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don’t think your fat cells won’t notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain.

The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there’ “an intimate relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight,” says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. But Americans don’t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours par night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average.

So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four additional nights——but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat.  Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. “I was very surprised to be honest,” he says.

Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat cells are actually your friend,” he says. “They’re there to store lipids (血脂).” When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you’re exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells stare to become insulin resistant, the lipids star to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream,” Brady says.





According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all of the following EXCEPT_____.

单选题
A. A. heart disease
B. B. weight gain
C. C. diabetes
D. D. liver disease











The main idea of the third paragraph is_____

单选题
A. A. how to write a medical research paper
B. B. how to avoid sleep loss
C. C. how the research was conducted
D. D. how to conduct a medical experiment











What does the “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?

单选题
A. A. Leap.
B. B. Lead.
C. C. Lean.
D. D. Leak.











Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

单选题
A. A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.
B. B. More and more studies are done to study the lind between sleep and weight.
C. C. More than 20% of Americans are not getting enough sleep.
D. D. Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.











Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

单选题
A. A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease
B. B. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study
C. C. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sleep
D. D. Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend





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22.
As the Titanic was sinking and women and children climbed into lifeboats, the musicians from the ship’s band stood and played. They died when the ship went down. Men stood on the deck and smoked cigarettes. They died, too. This behavior is puzzling to economists, who like to believe that people tend to act in their own self interest. “There was no pushing,” says David Savage, an economist at Queensland University in Australia who has studied witness reports from the survivors. It was “very, very orderly behavior.”

Savage has compared the behavior of the passengers on the Titanic with those on the Lusitania, another ship that also sank at about the same time. But when the Lusitania went down, the passengers panicked(恐慌). There were a lot of similarities between these two events. These two ships were both luxury ones, they had a similar number of passengers and a similar number of survivors.

The biggest difference, Savage concludes, was time. The Lusitania sank in less than 20 minutes. But for the Titanic, it was two-and-a-half hours. “If you’ve got an event that lasts two-and-a-half hours, social order will take over and everybody will behave in a social manner,” Savage says.“If you’re going down in under 17 minutes, basically it’s instinctual.” On the Titanic, social order ruled, and it was women and children first. On the Lusitania, instinct won out. The survivors were largely the people who could swim and get into the lifeboats.

Yes, we’re self-interested, Savage says. But we’re also part of a society. Given time, social norms (规范) can beat our natural self-interest. A hundred years ago, women and children always went first. Men were stoic (坚忍的). On the Titanic, there was enough time for these norms to become forceful.







According to the author, economists were confused because_____.

单选题
A. A. people’s behavior was disorderly on the Titanic
B. B. people did not act in their own interest on the Titanic
C. C. most men did not act in their own interest on the Lusitania
D. D. women and children could not climb into the lifeboats











The expression “won out” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to“_____”.

单选题
A. A. took the upper hand
B. B. went out of control
C. C. ran wild
D. D. shut down











According to David Savage, _____ was a critical factor in determining people’s behavior in the sinking of these two ships.

单选题
A. A. social order
B. B. place
C. C. instinct
D. D. time











According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?

单选题
A. A. Both ships were expensive ones.
B. B. A similar number of women and children from both ships survived.
C. C. About the same number of people from each ship died.
D. D. Both ships had a similar number of passengers.











Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

单选题
A. A. Why Didn't Musicians Play on the Lusitania?
B. B. Why Did Musicians Play on the Titanic?
C. C. Why Didn't Passengers Panic on the Titanic?
D. D. Why Did Men Smoke on the Titanic?





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23.

阅读文章，根据文意选择最佳选项。



By the time I finished high school, my interest in animals had grown, and I enrolled at a university to study biology. I learned soon enough that studying animals （1） this level was not in the animals’ best interests. I remember one midterm exam in （2） each student was handed a large, freshly-killed frog and instructed to dissect (解剖)and mark a set of body parts. I looked at the  （3）  frog in front of me and was saddened that her life was taken away for such a slight （4）  .

    A year later, in the same lab （5） I dissected the frog, I performed a small act of animal liberation. We were experimenting on fruit flies, and it was time to record the distribution of characteristics in their next generation. Flies were  （6）  in small plastic bottles. Counting the number of flies with white or red eyes required first exposing them to ether (乙醚) so that they could not move. The flies were then spread onto a piece of white paper  （7）  and counted. When the data collection was complete, the flies had no further use, and our instructions were to （8）  them into a small glass dish of oil at the center of each desk, which was to be their final resting place.

    Once my little pile of flies had been counted, I pushed them off the edge of the paper. As we recorded our data, I kept one eye  （9） them. Within minutes the pile was humming (嗡嗡叫) as tiny legs and wings beat their way out of the ether fog. I was extremely excited as they took flight. That was my first  （10） in refusing to conduct scientific research that treated nonhuman life in a cruel way.





（1）
单选题
A. A. at
B. B. with
C. C. for
D. D. off











（2）
单选题
A. A. what
B. B. that
C. C. where
D. D. which











（3）
单选题
A. A. alive
B. B. dead
C. C. living
D. D. wounded











（4）
单选题
A. A. reason
B. B. spirit
C. C. space
D. D. system











（5）
单选题
A. A. that
B. B. which
C. C. what
D. D. where











（6）
单选题
A. A. solved
B. B. soaked
C. C. recovered
D. D. kept











（7）
单选题
A. A. being examined
B. B. to be examined
C. C. being operated
D. D. to be operated











（8）
单选题
A. A. put
B. B. raise
C. C. rouse
D. D. spoil











（9）
单选题
A. A. for
B. B. with
C. C. at
D. D. on











（10）
单选题
A. A. step
B. B. review
C. C. glance
D. D. gesture





   
  
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24.
翻译

翻译下列句子。请自主完成，Google、百度、灵格斯、金山词霸等机器翻译零分。

（一）英译中



Much unfriendly feeling towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction.


  


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25.
Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today’s fast-paced workplace, many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend.


  


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26.
His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn’t done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man.


  


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27.
After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control.


  


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28.
The number of students learning Chinese is tiny compared within how many study Spanish or French..


  


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29.
（二）中译英



昨天，我坐在办公室写报告时，小明从英国打电话过来了。


  


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30.
想去图书馆的人必须在这里签名。


  


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31.
他专心致志地看书，所以没有听到电话响。


  


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32.
去年，我在伦敦过的暑假。   


  


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33.
我学习英语大概有十年了。