北京大学16秋季 36081003-大学英语3-第四组资料

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一、阅读理解(共10题，每题2分，共20分)
请阅读以下文章，回答文章后的五个小题。每个小题只有一个最佳选项。
1）.       

Breastfeeding(母乳喂养)foramonthorlongerappearstoreduceawoman'sriskofgettingdiabetes(糖病)laterinlife,accordingtoanewstudy.Thebreastfeedinganddiabeteslinkhasbeenreportedinotherstudies,accordingtoresearcherEleanorSchwarz.Yet,herstudymakesthelinkeasiertobelieve.HerstudyispublishedinajournalofmedicineinAmerica.Schwarzandhercolleagueslookedatdataaboutbreastfeedingpractices.Theyevaluateddataon2,233womenfromCalifornia.Ofthose,405werenotmothers,1,125weremotherswhobreastfedforatleastamonth,and703weremotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Theywere40to78yearsold.

AccordingtoSchwarz'sstudy,theriskofgettingadiagnosis(诊断)ofType2diabetesforwomenwhobreastfedalltheirchildrenforamonthorlongerwassimilartothatofwomenwhohadnotgivenbirth.Butmotherswhohadneverbreastfedwerenearlytwiceaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhohadnevergivenbirth.Motherswhoneverbreastfedwereabout1.4timesaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhobreastfedforonetothreemonths,Schwarzfound.

Whileonemonthofbreastfeedingappearstomakeadifference,Schwarzsays,evenlongerisbetter.“Previousstudieshaveshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody.”Manyexpertsrecommendbreastfeedingforsixmonthsandcontinuingforayear,shesays.

Thediabetes-breastfeedinglinkisprobablyexplainedbybellyfat.Mothers,whodon'tbreastfeed,astheygetolder,mayhavemorebellyfat,asbreastfeedinghelpsnewmotherstakeoffweight.“Bellyfatincreasestheriskofdiabetesasyougetolder,”shesays.

Thefindingisn'tsurprisingatall,saysKimberlyGregory.Sheoftengivesadvicetowomenwhogetdiabetes(occurringduringpregnancy(怀孕))thattheyareatriskforlatergettingType2diabetesandsuggeststheybreastfeed.ThenewfindingswillprobablyinspireGregorytoaddtothe-adviceshegivesmoms-to-beaboutthebenefitsofbreastfeeding.Sheoftenfocusesonthebenefitstothebaby.
       
1.        Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
       
A.Abouttwothousandandtwohundredoldwomentookpartinthestudy.
B.EleanorSchwarz'sresearchprogramwasaboutmenandwomenwhosufferedfromdiabetes.
C.Overonefifthsofthewomennevergotmarried.
D.EleanorSchwarz'sresultsseemmorereliable.
       
       
2.        AccordingtoSchwarz'sfindings,whoaremorelikelytogetdiabeteslaterinlife?
       
A.Thosemotherswhohadneverbreastfed.
B.Thosemotherswhonevergavebirth.
C.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforamonth.
D.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforsixmonths.
       
       
3.        WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldSchwarzagreewith?
       
A.Breastfeedingisnotadvisablebecauseitisnotgoodforamomtokeepagoodshape.
B.Breastfeedingcangreatlyreduceamother'schancesofgettingallkindsofseriousdisease.
C.Breastfeedingforamonthishighlyrecommended:thelonger,thebetter.
D.Breastfeedingforamonthorlongermakesbabiessmarter.
       
       
4.        Whatdoestheauthormeanby“moms-to-be”inthelastparagraph?
       
A.Womenwhoarepregnant,especiallyforthefirsttime.
B.Womenwhodreamofhavingbabiesforthefirsttime.
C.Womenwhoalreadyhavechildren.
D.Womenwhohavejustgotbabiesforthefirsttime.
       
       
5.        Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
       
A.BreastfeedingMayEnhanceBabies'ChancesofSurvival
B.BreastfeedingMayLowerMoms'DiabetesRisk
C.BreastfeedingMayBecomeVeryFashionableinNearFuture
D.BreastfeedingMayHelpWomenLoseWeight
       
       
       
2）.       

Astheschoolyearkicksoff,parentsareonceagainstragglingtocajole(哄编)and,ifneedbe,dragtheirexhaustedteensoutofbed.Thatimagemaymakeyoulaugh,butlackofsleepisnojoke.Teenagerswhodon’tgetenoughresthavemorelearning,health,behaviorandmoodproblemsthanstudentswhogetatleastninehoursanight.Long-termlackofsleepistiedtoheartdisease,overweight,depressionandashortenedlifespaninadults,indicatingtheimportanceofestablishinggoodsleephabitsearlyinlife.Lackofsleepcanbeespeciallydeadlyforteens;caraccidentsaretheleadingcauseofdeathamongteenagers,andsafetyexpertsbelievesleepydrivingisamajorfactor.

Unfortunately,fewteenagersgetthesleeptheyneed.Inasurveyofmiddle-andhigh-schoolstudents,UniversityofColoradoresearchersfoundthat82percentsaidtheywokeuptiredandunrefreshed,andmorethanhalfhadtroubleconcentratingduringthedayatleastonceaweek.

Blamemultitaskingforsomeofthis.Manystudentsarejugglingafter-schoolactivities,homeworkandpart-timejobs.Evenwhentheymanagetofulfilltheseobligationsbyareasonablehour,television,theInternet,videogames,phonecallsandtextmessagestofriendsoftenkeepthemawakedeepintothenight.Takingsodaandenergydrinkslateinthedayandgoingtolate-nightpartiesonweekendsaddtosleepdebt.Biologyalsoworksagainstteenagers’sleep,Thebody’sinternalclock,whichcontrolswhenapersonstartstofeeltired,shiftsafterpuberty(青春期),makingithardformostteenstofallasleepbefore11pm.Classusuallybeginsbefore8:15am,withmanyhighschoolsstartingasearlyas7:15am.Togettoschoolontime,mostteenshavetogetupby6:30am,guaranteeingthey’llbesleep-deprivedduringtheweek.Teensoftensleepmuchlateronweekendstocatchup,makingitevenhardertofallasleeponSundaynightandwakeupMondaymorning.Playingcatch-uponweekendsalsodoesn’thelpteensstayrefreshedwhentheyneeditmost:duringtheweekatschool.

Sincethe1990s,middleandhighschoolsinmorethantwodozenstateshaveexperimentedwithlaterschoolstarttimes.Theresultshavebeenencouraging:moresleep,increasedattendance,bettergradesandfewerdrivingaccidents.Butmostschoolsstillstartearly,meaningteenshavetheirworkcutoutforthemiftheywanttogetenoughsleep.
       
6.        Accordingtothepassage,poorsleepcanbelinkedtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT
       
A.heartdisease
B.caraccidents
C.skinproblems
D.poorconcentration
       
       
7.        ThemainideaofParagraph3is___.
       
A.howsleepdeprivation(缺乏)canbetreated
B.whatcausessleepdeprivation
C.whoismostatriskforsleepdeprivation
D.whysleepdeprivationisaseriousconcern
       
       
8.        Whatdoestheword“juggling”inParagraph3probablymean?
       
A.Dealingwithatthesametime.
B.Strikingabalancebetween.
C.Applyingfor.
D.Havingdifficultyin.
       
       
9.        WhichofthefollowingisNOTtoblameforteenagers’lackofsleep?
       
A.Multitasking.
B.Biologicalclock.
C.Weekendcatch-upsleep.
D.Healthydiet.
       
       
10.        Accordingtothepassage,whathavesomeschoolsdonetohelptheirstudentsgetenoughsleep?
       
A.Educatingtheirstudentsabouttheimportanceofsleep.
B.Monitoringtheirstudents’late-nightactivities.
C.Delayingschoolstarttimes.
D.Settingstrictrules.
       
       
       
二、词汇与结构(共15题，每题2分，共30分)
11.        Allthepassengers____intheaccidentweresenttothenearbyhospitalinnotime.
       
A.tofindinjured
B.findinginjured
C.tobefoundinjured
D.foundinjured
       
       
12.        Inthisworkshop,theoutputofJulywasthreetimes____ofJanuary.
       
A.that
B.this
C.one
D.it
       
       
13.        Thebossdoesn'twanttotalkabouttheaccident;nowheisinno______todoso.
       
A.feeling
B.attitude
C.emotion
D.mood
       
       
14.        Ican'tunderstandwhyyouregarditasmusic.It______memad!
       
A.puts
B.sets
C.drives
D.changes
       
       
15.        Mr.Smithfeelsgreatlywithhisson’sperformanceinschoolasheisalwaysthetopofhisclass.
       
A.disturbed
B.worried
C.distressed
D.satisfied
       
       
16.        Skatingissucha_____sportinthenortheastofChinathatalmosteverybodythereknowshowtoskate.
       
A.likely
B.famous
C.popular
D.long
       
       
17.        OfallthegirlsintheclassJanestudiesthe____.
       
A.hard
B.harder
C.hardest
D.hardly
       
       
18.        Doyouknowthegirl____fatherdiedinacaraccidentlastweek?
       
A.who
B.that
C.whom
D.whose
       
       
19.        Whentheviolinistfinishedhisperformance,theaudiencestoodupand____forfiveminutes.
       
A.acted
B.clapped
C.backed
D.closed
       
       
20.        Theteachersuggestedthatthey_______intheexerciseatonce.
       
A.hadhanded
B.shouldhavehanded
C.handed
D.hand
       
       
21.        Hedidnotgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehe_______hisfatherwhowasill.
       
A.musthavelookedafter
B.wouldhavetolookafter
C.hadtolookafter
D.shouldhavelookedafter
       
       
22.        ______byhisfriendforhismistake,Jimfeltveryunhappy.
       
A.Criticizing
B.Tocriticize
C.Criticized
D.Havingcriticized
       
       
23.        Oursportsmeetisplannedtotakeplace______Saturdaymorning.
       
A.in
B.at
C.on
D.of
       
       
24.        Theladytreatstheboynextdoorwellasifhe______herownson.
       
A.is
B.was
C.were
D.wouldbe
       
       
25.        Thecity____Iwasbornisonthenewrailwayline.
       
A.which
B.that
C.onwhich
D.where
       
       
三、改错(共5题，每题2分，共10分)
请在以下句子划线部分中，挑出错误的选项。
26.        Theyaregoingtohavetheservicemantobeinstalledanelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.
       
A.aregoingto
B.have
C.tobeinstalled
D.in
       
       
27.        Onlyunderspecialcircumstancesfreshmenarepermittedtotakemake-uptests.
       
A.under
B.circumstances
C.freshemenare
D.totake
       
       
28.        Gettothetopofthehill.butyouwillseethewholecity.
       
A.Getto
B.topofthehill
C.but
D.will
       
       
29.        Isthatthereasonbecauseyouareinfavoroftheproposal?
       
A.Is
B.reason
C.because
D.infavorof
       
       
30.        TherewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatIcouldhardlyhearmyselftothink.
       
A.somuch
B.that
C.hardly
D.tothink
       
       
四、完形填空(共10题，每题2分，共20分)
阅读文章，根据文意选择最佳选项。
1）.       

Lifeasawomaninthecolonial(殖民的)Americaseemsquitedifferentfromitistoday.Womenwereconsideredinferiortomen,afactrootedintradition,law,andreligion.Theirplacewasinthehome,31theyweretoserveasdevotedwivesandmothers.Theywerethereforeconsideredunfittooperateaspoliticalbeingsandunableto32thebenefitsofcitizenshipgiventomen.Veryfewwomenacquiredacollegeeducation,securedawell-paidjob,orpursuedafruitfulcareer.Otherthanmarryingwell,theycoulddo33toimprovetheireconomicstatus.

Inplaceoftheirsecondarystatus,women34playacentralroleindeveloping,civilizing,andadvancingthenationlongbeforetheUnitedStatesgaineditsindependencefromGreatBritain.Duringthecolonialperiod,theymadegreatcontributionstofamilyandcommunity.Theyworkedalongsidetheirhusbands35familysurvivaldemandedthatchores(杂事)besharedbyall.Womenhelpedtosow,plant,andharvestcrops.Theyraisedpigsandchickens,plantedgardensandmilkedcows.Thisneedforsharedmaleandfemalelabor36aconstanttheme(主题)asfamiliesmovedtothefrontier,whereallfamilymembers'havingtoworkprovedessential.

37scholarsstilldebatethenatureofwhitewomen'sstandingduringthecolonialperiod,manyofthemadmitthatcolonialwomenachievedsomestandingintheirfamiliesandcommunities38theircontributionsweresoessential.Awomanmightperformchoresinthehomebutalsoassistherhusbandin39anewspaperorastore.Butthiscooperative(合作的)approachdidnottranslateinto40rightsforwomen.
       
31.        .
       
A.that
B.which
C.when
D.where
       
       
32.        .
       
A.view
B.star
C.enjoy
D.spread
       
       
33.        .
       
A.fewer
B.few
C.less
D.little
       
       
34.        .
       
A.do
B.did
C.mere
D.Was
       
       
35.        .
       
A.since
B.before
C.although
D.while
       
       
36.        .
       
A.hesitated
B.sacrificed
C.remained
D.changed
       
       
37.        .
       
A.After
B.Since
C.Although
D.Because
       
       
38.        .
       
A.because
B.before
C.although
D.while
       
       
39.        .
       
A.reading
B.requiring
C.buying
D.running
       
       
40.        .
       
A.loyal
B.equal
C.upright
D.proud
       
       
       
五、翻译(共10题，每题2分，共20分)
翻译下列句子，英译汉、汉译英各五道题目。请自主完成，Google、百度、灵格斯、金山词霸等机器翻译零分。
41.        Mostofthe4,200peopleonboardmadeittolandsafely,butmorethan30peoplewerekilledinthedisaster.
       
点此输入资料
       
       
42.        Polarbearshavethickfur，bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwellpreparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.
       
点此输入资料
       
       
43.        Butthedeeperansweristhatthetalesthathavelastedaremagicaladventuresthathelpchildrendealwiththestrugglesandfearsoftheireverydaylives.
       
点此输入资料
       
       
44.        Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.
       
点此输入资料
       
       
45.        InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyandwidelyarguedissuefordecades.
       
点此输入资料
       
       
46.        昨天我花了两个小时阅读和回复电子邮件。
       
点此输入资料
       
       
47.        你认识昨天做报告的那个人吗？
       
点此输入资料
       
       
48.        请你帮忙打开门好吗？
       
点此输入资料
       
       
49.        我改主意了。
       
点此输入资料
       
       
50.        他对这份工作已经失去了兴趣。