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一、单选题（共 25 道试题，共 50 分。） V 1. () refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words.
# G. @0 {" t9 |3 w8 SA. Synonymy" H& s! ^0 `6 c
B. Polysemy3 a/ {; s- C- U2 W
C. Homonymy
* _# W* F: G2 g$ k- ID. Antonymy4 A/ J) i9 m& W. e
5 c- }! E8 m; h" B" a% b* G& d
2. ( ) are a group of words and expressions that refer to the personal, temporal or spatial characteristics of the context within which a text is produced.
7 g4 w- o3 W- c3 q* @- PA. Nouns* Z) v0 [) w- e( S; Z+ ^
B. Adjectives6 ]/ X/ C4 a% k8 W1 h
C. Verbs" G" ~6 _3 O; J& p! m/ G9 U
D. Deictics
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3. ( ) is the science that studies how speech sounds are used in language to convey meanings.: G' B7 o9 Z9 p
A. Phonetics
$ h8 w7 b" |1 m9 ?1 s5 v. e RB. Phonology0 u) _2 Z7 I' k1 Q( I- j6 r
C. Morphology
. r3 u; G2 |" |' }7 K) A+ Z9 M3 tD. Dialectology
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8 B! Y; \$ ~5 w6 ~4. 'Language has （ ） that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals.; e3 w/ _; k W+ m9 t# Y$ e
A. function
: O/ n) k( O' P [: wB. design features
! ^& X7 A4 O0 z1 h9 f+ e( @' zC. importance
# s( \* L- ?+ P* }D. performance
2 H. x* y% O6 h8 _ j5 @8 ?# C, T: U; B8 t8 J5 N2 l+ o
5. ( ) is the study of the relation between language and mind, especially language acquisition and learning, and language comprehension and prod uction.
! r$ K9 h, x* e' g0 C/ WA. Pragmatics8 _# }8 }0 U" N7 C7 O7 f
B. Phonology. C3 w$ m( A# K& R8 [
C. Dialectology
3 c2 M, g7 ^! D9 D: M7 ~. PD. Psycholinguistics
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5 q+ T$ r6 p8 b6. The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be ( ) similar! [4 Z9 w+ E' y' H
A. phonetically- r7 M) O3 \* H
B. phonologically
7 E0 H, B# ]# l" p: k1 a! }# W: QC. sound
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7. Which of the following disciplines doen't belong to micro-linguistics?
; ]' B+ {% h7 ]% RA. Phonetics
; E, E$ }% T3 j3 o+ B# v2 c: M* AB. Phonology
+ }: ^4 O; I$ Z+ ]( eC. Morphology) j0 D& ]5 b+ [
D. Dialectology8 s6 [8 l( `( y7 e& p }+ a' W
: H- D/ g9 k, R8. ( ) morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaning of the word.* e9 F( d# ~4 S1 ^5 q' A
A. Functional
' ]$ w) ?8 b3 ?* N; b( OB. Lexical
6 O) P3 X7 B Z* l, R1 N, NC. Grammatical0 s4 c2 @- W! U, [3 L0 D6 Q
D. Performative
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* s4 b5 H4 ?4 `& ~8 S9. According to ( ), language determines the framework of speaker’s perception and thought.3 e2 P V+ O% y v8 p6 A6 L
A. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis* I2 Y3 P3 N3 n9 ]7 j9 c7 F: Z" \. Z
B. Positivist theory. j+ G/ [- m0 `! ]
C. Use theory
$ Q8 L! C) D) e `2 tD. Speech Acts theory
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3 ~1 x& U7 x$ x& y5 x. R, H10. ( ) is the study of the relation between language and mind, especially language acquisition and learning, and language comprehension and production.
- @0 O2 F/ X" I. _5 vA. Pragmatics: O/ W6 C7 M5 k" L. z
B. Phonology0 f* r9 e j9 f* P* T8 ?. t7 j u9 Q% x
C. Dialectology
2 g8 m* i+ C/ i! OD. Psycholinguistics" _5 b+ ]' D" J8 _ }2 V
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11. The locutionary act ( ) refers to the act of saying something meaningful in a particular language
5 A8 z7 f* |# E0 P/ hA. illocutionary act8 Q8 w$ F3 x) ?. _4 X0 n, {1 ~. q
B. locutionary act, j) w, {( W, C3 @" U* J
C. perlocutionary act* w; ?8 C X6 y' `8 A
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12. 'Productivity is characterised by the feature of ( ).
B V/ `$ h( S ?, s" x0 X+ b- C1 xA. Arbitrariness: z* R- F. c6 M8 U# h9 n
B. Genetic-cultural transmission! S& x1 v, P- ^" A
C. Non-arbitrariness
0 c, k. e3 _9 E2 gD. Duality) |& B& I7 B) _3 }& a: T
5 T6 Z4 u0 ?7 ?13. ( ) reference refers to the reference where the presupposed occurs in the text before the word or expression that is presupposing.' V( T) Q2 G+ P! |' s
A. Exophoric
8 a" a9 t( z/ IB. Anaphoric
' ?! F2 M2 u6 T9 ~$ d0 i5 C0 BC. Endophoric* R6 g9 e0 ]# N# v3 m: a
D. Cataphoric
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) g0 d7 P. x5 q, s& E, ~$ u- L14. Which h of the following disciplines doen't belong to micro-linguistics?
8 Q4 n8 q+ q- \3 E; h: @A. Phonetics; V) G7 `7 q. c8 l
B. Phonology- t9 T7 Z# e" e5 k4 \& m7 `4 r
C. Morphology
6 f) K; J) s' cD. Dialectology, }% E$ [* t- o T8 L
, @4 C2 _* B& `% ^/ ]/ J1 {9 o15. （ ）is a morphological variant of morpheme.
5 J, k5 r2 i T& D( x* wA. Allomorph! L6 x4 _; w+ y: g1 U. ?% p1 m, \
B. Word! D6 G6 [8 R _
C. Segment
$ M* R8 F+ R" p$ [# wD. Morph
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! t y7 l$ Q) X. c3 r4 G7 M16. ( ) is the scie nce that studies sounds4 m2 w' i: n# A( B- c
A. Phonetics
# G: \! {) t- I6 v- D6 M6 h# e/ c+ oB. Phonology" T, O* h4 k/ G/ t+ W
C. Morphology
4 g3 c% m: p' L4 d% \; GD. Dialectology: o2 x3 T0 @7 H, M
8 K2 e% {: w6 _8 a% g17. A ( ) is one that may be used to distinguish one speech sound from another.
6 z& s9 J- @0 p7 l2 p, u& `A. perfomation
3 @' _1 r K0 B* o4 p& X7 EB. feature
. z# T$ T! w) k3 |C. distinctive feature- A7 ?0 p& d$ @/ K) o
D. function6 Q2 v8 P1 ~7 {2 ^
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18. ( ) is a minimal unit which is formally composed of meaningless linguistic symbols at the lower level of the language
* e5 g7 |+ c3 U; hA. Phoneme
. `8 k/ }. n; A* K LB. Stress
. B9 k, l1 F, I. E* w3 s" ZC. Tempo
! u& |' N* a" nD. Morpheme/ h" _* q4 b: g# C
; K6 Q- m2 }9 @9 w19. The transformational generative grammar was proposed by ( ).
1 W2 l D1 e' y& b) k! C% kA. Noam Chomsky
2 `. H" \. T, \( P$ a5 M0 k! qB. Jacobson: A9 U# U3 p' N
C. Haliday
2 g# i0 O. z" ?. P. iD. Nida9 Y0 y$ P5 ^" W: i( @
8 I) e* I0 c( t) q20. ( ) refers to the speed of speech.
5 a- O/ T7 f1 f" f; d! N# xA. Loudness3 p1 |# r6 c h1 u5 ^, Z! ?* t& A
B. Stress7 a' e, q8 y4 {3 U2 \, E5 C
C. Tempo/ _) Y! n% W, \% }
D. Tone, e) P) K* u- R# g# R2 }4 b' H
! |% G- u R+ k, p& C
21. ( ) is the study of speech, focusing specially on the relation between discourse and its contexts.
7 S* {, t' M% H! u' gA. Pragmatics, ^6 B" r; B4 Z; N9 b1 ?& F
B. Discourse analysis/ P: `$ ^( ^' d" r$ o/ p5 a
C. Dialectology. s' j# V( ^/ U; q6 l/ \
D. Morphology
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$ |' Q- }# O. {: o; X$ l22. ( ) is the study of speech, focusing specially on the relation between discourse and its contexts.; }2 [1 N* F+ N2 d, Y
A. Pragmatics
2 H" ^3 ^& h+ Z, @$ w, h. F. u$ vB. Discourse analysis, u; V% ], }) w7 v
C. Dialectology. ^% F: _0 x3 s# {9 G/ ~& a
D. Morphology# r" L0 D2 X4 U, I2 [9 j; W
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23. ( ) is the study of the meaning which is not included in semantics and whose interpretation is depe ndent on its social contexts./ ? G5 r& i! f) o: D
A. Pragmatics5 l: M" f4 W# R/ G' J3 y
B. Phonology
3 I2 \+ A) g# }C. Dialectology Z$ t( ~( [, w- m
D. Morphology
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24. 'The locutionary act ( ) refers to the act of saying something meaningful in a particular language: ~. N4 L4 {/ g+ j8 q8 \0 h1 b
A. illocutionary act% |1 a; [' N5 M
B. locutionary act5 E. i% o6 ]2 U$ u( c( s' h
C. perlocutionary act" O. ^, h& ~5 ?9 A5 L
' X/ U" ]* c1 B
25. ( ) is the first stressed syllable in the tone-unit.; J5 P- q O* f- ~- p- u
A. pre-head
6 [% o1 ^0 n" X/ V# a2 iB. head5 ~5 X* V; @/ f1 a
C. nuclear tail6 I( ?) V9 f% `$ B6 Y( M
D. nucleus4 u. W* E$ P+ i! h0 q) c
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二、判断题（共 25 道试题，共 50 分。） V 1. Diphthong is treated as two vowels .# h, l! N2 R5 J. Z
A. 错误
1 p3 s/ Z1 {, d7 TB. 正确: c: N4 e. z7 b( \( v X9 Y
" a& }; x; D3 e4 }2. 'Language is entirely arbitrary.6 T+ U& J) r3 S. s
A. 错误2 i7 H1 ?- Y& ?3 E
B. 正确
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7 ~9 e$ T% @$ n5 v! o* y% X3. 'English is a tone language.. M9 z) O! X) z. N
A. 错误
: P- T' d# D" a- K, l' o8 T5 y; Y yB. 正确- C; A( I) K u
. t9 Q j7 ^% g9 D4 G9 q4. Stress refers to the feature that is determined solely by the amplitude of the vibration of the sound-wave.
1 l5 m$ t0 w2 m1 H! sA. 错误
+ \9 r) W, e2 u1 E2 r/ P" MB. 正确8 `0 y% G, B: o$ @/ R
, u4 E+ f* g. X' g, o5 r. O* l5. Duality is a concretisation of arbitrariness and non-arbitrariness of language.8 ^' `& A: ?9 p7 J1 k3 h
A. 错误
4 q" Z" K2 {" ~0 aB. 正确
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6. Field theory suggests that lexical meanings are not exclusive and mutually independent.3 z* q+ O# R, k' x
A. 错误
. S! z+ |; e: Q1 J; b& _5 j8 FB. 正确
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7. 'Consonants all involve the vibration of the vocal folds
( |$ _! o& Q5 H7 c3 DA. 错误
/ M G% `3 D, v% [B. 正确 h# J: L) k! y3 x, m% E9 _2 q) x/ [
2 I, L- g" e2 k* {6 x
8. 'The position of the nucleus in a tone-unit is usually dependent on the intention that the speaker has in mind for the utterance .
" P V+ F2 W; I& q2 _ q1 y0 ]A. 错误
) ]0 r! j) V/ I" W0 }, p- nB. 正确0 f; t5 I# v. G' \5 Q
7 B' a, m0 x) g& u9. Linguistic competence refers to the ability based on the acquisition of the system of language use, regarding all the components of communicative events, together with attitudes and beliefs about them, and which may enable the speaker to participate in so1 v, R& A: @/ H2 ~
A. 错误- r5 @- x) ]( F5 z. R
B. 正确/ M2 t! ?4 b" l. F1 C, B
- C& s' X! s' Q1 U' h# V. [10. English is a tone language.# U$ j' j; y0 g8 k, T& k: A
A. 错误
1 g8 m: E) O- TB. 正确) `- V A! `$ N# C: w! @/ B
0 R( r% S# ?: G2 n m* G11. Consonants all involve the vibration of the vocal folds
: S. v: x8 l% G! f; SA. 错误6 b( w: U1 K* B+ s/ \- J! f1 Q B
B. 正确/ b2 W% j4 b& ^' \+ a" O
6 C9 W9 c! F6 Q. [6 y- L% W12. Linguistic competence refers to the ability based on the acquisition of the system of language use, regarding all the components of communicative events, together with attitudes and beliefs about them, and which may enable the speaker to participate in
# C6 d( r4 M6 p. Z7 x5 H ]. PA. 错误
9 l, v$ ?8 B. O ^B. 正确1 i- J3 i" O/ _+ }
/ |& l1 V# E) h7 B13. 'The same conjunction may indicate different cohesive relation in different contexts.' m6 u5 b' l U3 A7 C; E% d
A. 错误
, w# U- P; w g5 eB. 正确
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14. The meaning of a sentence is a simple concatenation of individual lexical meanings of the words that form the sentence.
" }) C, Z& B% t* [0 PA. 错误
3 `2 m2 D. e/ j: s7 X$ c5 q- @# |( XB. 正确
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* L" ?8 r1 Q8 g# l+ L7 X7 A15. 'Transformation rules don't have to follow a set order.8 N b- C2 A( A% M# N7 |
A. 错误
3 g# H5 j x. { n' U$ BB. 正确
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16. Distinctive feature theories use the same set of distinctive features for classifying both consonants and vowels.
% p& Y. Y% W" S7 p7 sA. 错误% W: _- b& K) I3 ]
B. 正确
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$ K9 j2 U: K9 w; t$ [$ \( K) K4 A8 {17. Endocentric compounding means the meaning of the compound cannot be inferred from the meanings of its componential free morphemes.- k6 c$ ~5 W+ A* k, }
A. 错误
; B0 J; T+ x3 {& EB. 正确% _8 s. U Q/ | s2 `2 n* ^! m
* o7 E9 y7 n% W: P9 |( e, M; J: y18. 'Lingua franca was originally used in Mediterranean commerce in the Middle Ages.
2 ?9 R5 |" R1 j5 f: G0 {A. 错误 T$ O0 O# u2 Y, T2 W. I5 @& K
B. 正确
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19. An inflectional morpheme does not change the grammatical class of the word.! Z2 I& L6 K0 x) n
A. 错误
2 m8 I( Y9 s6 f C7 r4 {# qB. 正确
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2 K1 C% w+ M6 i N1 n$ @! _0 s20. Phonemics intends to find out the sound system functioning in individual languages .
( ^% t6 U, ~: k9 h: nA. 错误
1 S1 b( Y* }% G3 \3 YB. 正确& |- j& \% |* E s0 W
; N, @6 v: ]* e/ n. @21. Different language make use of the same set of speech sounds.- c7 `$ u5 n3 ^2 _9 q
A. 错误4 V A9 s+ m6 [8 M2 {8 q1 Q
B. 正确- i: f% h3 ~/ ^. `$ x$ q
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22. 'Endocentric compounding means the meaning of the compound cannot be inferred from the meanings of its componential free morphemes.
- d5 g4 f4 h" x) pA. 错误
" ? H3 c5 B7 C0 f4 [9 Q& V' Q5 j! OB. 正确
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23. The implementation of lexical insertion rules need to be subject to no restrictions.7 r# }5 ?' f7 ]$ {* |' N
A. 错误6 a+ b9 y: s& f" n3 t( N, A2 U6 ?
B. 正确( b5 W1 {" \1 Q# {% |) q
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24. Articulatory phonetics that studies speech sounds from a physical point of view, focusing on their physical properties in transmission.
+ d0 m) T5 A0 s; J" W: V8 x( xA. 错误
( z- T$ k {4 j4 v0 v/ P' BB. 正确" E9 i [! N/ S
6 U# {; M3 O/ a9 u3 a; s" Y$ |& k8 _25. Discourse analysis is more concerned with conventional implicatures than conversational ones.
, w9 x( y; _/ h' I2 D( q" QA. 错误
3 o7 S: B/ C" W: m' eB. 正确* ?9 r- Q& ^0 u9 F/ r- E6 h
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